The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that is less likely to have display failures and has high reliability and excellent light resistance in aging. The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, including: a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules and interposed between the pair of substrates; and an alignment control layer for perpendicularly aligning the liquid crystal molecules, the alignment control layer being formed by polymerizing a monofunctional monomer and a polyfunctional monomer in a liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystal molecules, the monofunctional monomer, and the polyfunctional monomer, the polyfunctional monomer generating a radical by annealing and irradiation with light at not less than 340 nm, the monofunctional monomer having a biphenyl skeleton as a core and a polymerizable group bonded to the biphenyl skeleton directly or indirectly via a spacer.

A liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal composition and belonging to the field of liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal composition includes a compound represented by formula I, a compound represented by formula II, one or more compounds represented by formula III, and at least one polymerizable compound. The liquid crystal composition simultaneously has a low rotary viscosity, a large refractive index, and a fast response speed. ##STR00001##

A liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display including the liquid crystal composition and belonging to the field of liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal composition includes a compound represented by formula I, a compound represented by formula II, one or more compounds represented by formula III, and at least one polymerizable compound. The liquid crystal composition simultaneously has a low rotary viscosity, a large refractive index, and a fast response speed. ##STR00001##

Compounds containing at least one C—C triple bond within a chain of at least 3 ring systems which have positive dielectric anisotropy, the use thereof for high-frequency components, liquid-crystalline media containing these compounds, and high-frequency components, in particular antennae, especially for the gigahertz region, containing these media. The liquid-crystalline media serve, for example, for the phase shifting of microwaves for tuneable phased-array antennae.

Compounds containing at least one C—C triple bond within a chain of at least 3 ring systems which have positive dielectric anisotropy, the use thereof for high-frequency components, liquid-crystalline media containing these compounds, and high-frequency components, in particular antennae, especially for the gigahertz region, containing these media. The liquid-crystalline media serve, for example, for the phase shifting of microwaves for tuneable phased-array antennae.

A polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I) and a compound represented by general formula (II) and can be used for a liquid crystal display device imparted with liquid crystal aligning ability by polymerization. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition is required to cause no precipitation in a wide temperature range and have a low viscosity corresponding to fast switching, and a liquid crystal display device using the composition is required to have more stable alignment after polymerization and to cause no defect in display characteristics. In the present invention, the problems can be solved using a specified compound.

A polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I) and a compound represented by general formula (II) and can be used for a liquid crystal display device imparted with liquid crystal aligning ability by polymerization. The polymerizable liquid crystal composition is required to cause no precipitation in a wide temperature range and have a low viscosity corresponding to fast switching, and a liquid crystal display device using the composition is required to have more stable alignment after polymerization and to cause no defect in display characteristics. In the present invention, the problems can be solved using a specified compound.

The invention relates to substituted quinquephenyls of the formulae indicated in the claims and description. They are particularly suitable as UV-stabilising component in liquid-crystalline media.

A liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition, and belongs to the field of liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal composition comprises a compound represented by formula I, a compound represented by formula II, one or more compounds represented by formula III, and at least one polymerizable compound. The liquid crystal composition has a higher clearing point (CP), a large K value, a suitable optical anisotropy (Δn), and a fast response speed. ##STR00001##

A liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition, and belongs to the field of liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal composition comprises a compound represented by formula I, a compound represented by formula II, one or more compounds represented by formula III, and at least one polymerizable compound. The liquid crystal composition has a higher clearing point (CP), a large K value, a suitable optical anisotropy (Δn), and a fast response speed. ##STR00001##