The present invention relates to a structure for a physical unclonable function using spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking and a method of preparing the same, in which a chiral random pattern, which is unclonable and is observable with an optical microscope and a mobile phone camera, is formed using chiral photonic crystals in which chiral symmetry breaking occurs and is applied to a physical unclonable function (PUF), thereby attaining high encoding capacity, high recognition rate, and security while achieving high performance in reproducibility, uniqueness, unpredictability, and reconfigurability, and forming a desired pattern through a conventional photolithography method.

To suppress a phenomenon where an optical axis of the optically anisotropic layer is tilted when the optically anisotropic layer is produced by using a liquid crystalline compound showing smectic phase as a materials showing a higher level of orderliness. An optically anisotropic layer wherein a polymerizable composition, containing one or more polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal compound showing a smectic phase, is fixed in a state of smectic phase, and a direction of maximum refractive index of the optically anisotropic layer is inclined at 10° or smaller to the surface of the optically anisotropic layer, a method for manufacturing the same, a laminate and a method for manufacturing the same, a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal display device, and an organic EL display device.

To suppress a phenomenon where an optical axis of the optically anisotropic layer is tilted when the optically anisotropic layer is produced by using a liquid crystalline compound showing smectic phase as a materials showing a higher level of orderliness. An optically anisotropic layer wherein a polymerizable composition, containing one or more polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal compound showing a smectic phase, is fixed in a state of smectic phase, and a direction of maximum refractive index of the optically anisotropic layer is inclined at 10° or smaller to the surface of the optically anisotropic layer, a method for manufacturing the same, a laminate and a method for manufacturing the same, a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal display device, and an organic EL display device.

Provided is a composition which can be used for formation of an optical film having high quality and a high dichroic ratio even after the composition is stored for a predetermined period of time. The composition includes a compound represented by the general formula (A) and a compound represented by the general formula (B), wherein R.sup.1a in the general formula (A) and R.sup.1b in the general formula (B) are mutually different groups.

R.sup.1a—Ar.sup.1a—N═N—Ar.sup.2a—N═N—Ar.sup.3a—R.sup.10a   (A)

R.sup.1b—Ar.sup.1b—N═N—Ar.sup.2b—N═N—Ar.sup.3b—R.sup.10a   (B)

There is provided a liquid crystal composition containing at least one compound represented by General Formula (a). There is also provided a liquid crystal display device using such a liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition of the present invention has the following properties without suffering reductions in refractive index anisotropy (Δn) and nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (T.sub.ni): sufficiently low viscosity (η), sufficiently low rotational viscosity (γ.sub.1), a large elastic constant (K.sub.33), a high voltage holding ratio after UV exposure (VHR (UV)), and a negative dielectric anisotropy (Δ∈) with a large absolute value. A liquid crystal display device of, for example, a VA type that uses such a liquid crystal composition has a high response speed and excellent display quality with defective display being eliminated or reduced.

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The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device including a pair of a substrate arranged opposite to each other, an electrode group disposed on one side or both sides of the pair of substrates facing each other, a plurality of active devices connected to the electrode group, a liquid crystal alignment film disposed on each facing side of the pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, wherein the liquid crystal alignment film is manufactured by irradiating linearly polarized light to a film obtained from polyamic acid or a derivative thereof having a photoisomerization structure in the main chain or a film being subject to heat-baking so as to provide alignment-controlling capability, and the liquid crystal layer is a liquid crystal composition having negative (−) dielectric anisotropy. By the present invention, a liquid crystal display device having improved image sticking characteristics and good alignment stability is provided.

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device including a pair of a substrate arranged opposite to each other, an electrode group disposed on one side or both sides of the pair of substrates facing each other, a plurality of active devices connected to the electrode group, a liquid crystal alignment film disposed on each facing side of the pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, wherein the liquid crystal alignment film is manufactured by irradiating linearly polarized light to a film obtained from polyamic acid or a derivative thereof having a photoisomerization structure in the main chain or a film being subject to heat-baking so as to provide alignment-controlling capability, and the liquid crystal layer is a liquid crystal composition having negative (−) dielectric anisotropy. By the present invention, a liquid crystal display device having improved image sticking characteristics and good alignment stability is provided.

Provided is a polarizing plate for a light-emitting diode and a light-emitting display device including the same, the polarizing plate comprising a polarizing film and a liquid crystal retardation film, wherein the liquid crystal retardation film comprises a laminate made of: a second retardation film having a discotic liquid crystal of which an in-plane retardation Re, in a wavelength of 550 nm, is approximately 220 nm to approximately 280 nm and a biaxial degree (NZ) is approximately 0 to approximately 0.3; and a first retardation film having a nematic liquid crystal of which an in-plane retardation Re, in a wavelength of 550 nm, is approximately 100 nm to approximately 150 nm and a biaxial degree (NZ) is approximately 0.3 to approximately 0.7.

Provided is a liquid crystal composition capable of forming a light absorption anisotropic film with excellent light resistance, a dichroic material, a light absorption anisotropic film, a laminate, and an image display device. The liquid crystal composition contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic material having a structure represented by Formula (1).

##STR00001##

Provided is a liquid crystal composition capable of forming a light absorption anisotropic film with excellent light resistance, a dichroic material, a light absorption anisotropic film, a laminate, and an image display device. The liquid crystal composition contains a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic material having a structure represented by Formula (1).

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