Tetradentate platinum and palladium complexes based on biscarbazole and analogues for full color displays and lighting applications.

An OLED including an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer between the anode and the cathode, where the organic layer includes a compound having the formula [L.sub.A].sub.3-nIr[L.sub.B].sub.n is disclosed. In the formula, L.sub.A is

##STR00001##

Provided are an aromatic compound enhancing emission efficiency of blue light emitting region and an organic electroluminescence device including the same. The aromatic compound according to an embodiment of the inventive concept is represented by Formula 1, and more details about the constituents are provided in the disclosure. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides an organic light emitting device having improved driving voltage, efficiency and life time.

An organometallic compound represented by Formula 1:
M(L.sub.1).sub.n1(L.sub.2).sub.n2  Formula 1
wherein M, L.sub.1, L.sub.2, n1, and n2 are the same as described in the specification.

An organometallic compound represented by Formula 1:

M.sub.1(L.sub.1).sub.n1(L.sub.2).sub.n2  Formula 1

wherein, M.sub.1 is a transition metal, L.sub.1 is a ligand represented by Formula 1A, L.sub.2 is a ligand represented by Formula 1B, and n1 and n2 are each independently 1 or 2,

##STR00001##

wherein ring CY1, ring CY2, ring CY4, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4, R.sub.31, R.sub.32, X.sub.1 to X.sub.4, Y.sub.1, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, a1, a2, b1, b2, b31, b32, and b4 in Formulae 1A and 1B are respectively as described herein, and * and *′ each indicate a binding site to M.sub.1.

Scintillant-doped polystyrene core nanoparticles surrounded by a silica shell can be used to quantify low-energy radionuclides. The nanoparticles are recoverable and re-useable, which may reduce waste and allow for sample recovery. Unlike traditional liquid scintillation cocktail (LSC) formulations, the nanoparticles are made from non-toxic and non-volatile components, and can be used without the aid of surfactants, making them a possible alternative to LSC for reducing the environmental impact of studies that employ radioactive tracers. Recognition elements attached to the functionalized silica surfaces of the nanoparticles allow for separation-free scintillation proximity assay (SPA) applications in aqueous samples. Lipid membrane coatings deposited on the nanoparticle surface can significantly reduce the non-specific adsorption of proteins and other biomolecules, and allow for the incorporation of membrane proteins or other membrane associated binding molecules.

A compound having a metal coordination complex structure, where the compound is capable of functioning as a phosphorescent emitter in an organic light emitting device at room temperature is disclosed. The compound has a first ligand coordinated to a metal. The free-state of the first ligand has a first triplet energy T1 of E.sub.L at 77K, while the compound has a first triplet energy T1 of E at 77K, and the difference in energy (ΔE) between E and E.sub.L is ≤250 meV. The compound has a triplet emission spectrum with a FWHM value of no more than 45 nm. Organic light emitting devices, consumer products, and formulations containing the compounds are also disclosed.

Provided is a compound of Formula of Ir(L.sub.A).sub.n(L.sub.B).sub.m(L.sub.C).sub.o, wherein ligand L.sub.A has a structure of Formula I,

##STR00001##

ligand L.sub.B has a structure of Formula II,

##STR00002##

and L.sub.C is a bidentate ligand; and wherein n is 1, or 2; m is 1, or 2; o is 0, or 1; and n+m+o=3; and all the remaining variables are defined herein. Formulations, OLEDs, and consumer products containing the compound are also provided.

An OLED including an anode, a cathode, and an organic layer between the anode and the cathode, where the organic layer includes a compound having the formula [L.sub.A].sub.3-nIr[L.sub.B].sub.n is disclosed.

In the formula, L.sub.A is

##STR00001##