An aromatic amine derivative represented by formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, L, Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2, k, m, and n are the same as defined in the specification, is useful as a material for an organic EL device and realizes an organic EL device with a high efficiency and a long lifetime even when driving it at a low voltage.

A compound is disclosed that has a metal coordination complex structure having at least two ligands coordinated to the metal; wherein the compound has a first substituent R.sup.1 at one of the ligands' periphery; wherein a first distance is defined as the distance between the metal and one of the atoms in R.sup.1 where that atom is the farthest away from the metal among the atoms in R.sup.1; wherein the first distance is also longer than any other atom-to-metal distance between the metal and any other atoms in the compound; and wherein when a sphere having a radius r is defined whose center is at the metal and the radius r is the smallest radius that will allow the sphere to enclose all atoms in the compound that are not part of R.sup.1, the first distance is longer than the radius r by at least 2.9 Å.

An organic electroluminescent device having an anode, a cathode, and a light emitting layer between the anode and the cathode, in which the light emitting layer contains a first organic compound, a second organic compound, and a third organic compound that satisfy the following expression (A), the second organic compound is a delayed fluorescent material, and the third organic compound is a light emitting material, is capable of enhancing the light emission efficiency. E.sub.S1(A), E.sub.S1(B) and E.sub.S1(C) represent a lowest singlet excitation energy level of the first, second and third organic compound, respectively.
E.sub.S1(A)>E.sub.S1(B)>E.sub.S1(C)  (A)

A compound is disclosed that has a metal coordination complex structure having at least two ligands coordinated to the metal; wherein the compound has a first substituent R.sup.1 at one of the ligands' periphery; wherein a first distance is defined as the distance between the metal and one of the atoms in R.sup.1 where that atom is the farthest away from the metal among the atoms in R.sup.1; wherein the first distance is also longer than any other atom-to-metal distance between the metal and any other atoms in the compound; and wherein when a sphere having a radius r is defined whose center is at the metal and the radius r is the smallest radius that will allow the sphere to enclose all atoms in the compound that are not part of R.sup.1, the first distance is longer than the radius r by at least 2.9 Δ.

The present invention relates to a fluorescently-tagged (co)polymer useful as a scale inhibitor in industrial water systems. Said (co)polymer comprises a (i) reactive fluorescent compound selected from a diazole compound (ii) at least one monoethylenically unsaturated acid monomer, and (iii) optionally, at least one monoethylenically unsaturated acid-free monomer.

The present invention provides a neutral fluorescent mitochondrial marker based on a nitrogen-containing heterocycle, and a preparation method and use thereof. The fluorophore in present invention is a heterocycle having a N—H bond and targeting mitochondria, which solves the problem that the ability of a fluorescent dye with a neutral structure to target organelles is random and uncertain, and also avoids the problem that the neutral fluorophore is a commercial marker for lipid droplets in cells. In the present invention, the organelle targeting ability of an original fluorophore is regulated by creatively modifying its structure while the optical performance of the fluorophore is improved. The marker improves the biological properties of the fluorophore, and the nitrogen-containing heterocycle building block is cheap and readily available, which is beneficial to controlling the cost of the new dye. The present invention has great scientific significance and commercial value.

A system for quantifying the presence of at least one chemical and/or a physical condition in ocular tissues is provided. The system uses a membrane having at least one photo-reactive chemical- and/or physical condition-sensing indicator dye and a photo-reactive reference dye wherein both the photo-reactive chemical- and/or physical condition-sensing indicator dye and the photo-reactive reference dye are responsive to the same wavelength of an excitation light source but emit different wavelengths of light in a light spectrum. An optical data detector receives the emitted light and a processor splits the data into two or more colours of the light spectrum and measures the intensity of the two or more colours. The colour intensity belonging to the emitted light from the chemical- and/or physical condition-sensing indicator dye is compared to the colour intensity of the light emitted from the reference dye and the amount of chemical present and/or the extent of physical condition is ratiometrically determined therefrom.

Ligands with fused spirocyclic substitutions and metal complexes formed with such ligands and having improved performance in OLED applications are disclosed.

The present invention relates to metal complexes and to electronic devices, especially organic electroluminescent devices, comprising these metal complexes. The metal complex is, for example, represented by a compound formula (1) M(L).sub.n(L′).sub.m, containing a substructure M(L).sub.n of the formula (2), and where M is iridium or platinum. ##STR00001##

Novel iridium complexes containing phenylpyridine and pyridyl aza-benzo fused ligands are described. These complexes are useful as light emitters when incorporated into OLEDs.