A method and apparatus for gasifying raw material. The method includes feeding the raw material into an upper part of a fixed-bed gasifier, introducing the raw material from the upper part of the gasifier to a pyrolysis zone of the gasifier to form the fixed-bed and pyrolyzing the raw material in the presence of pyrolysis air to form a pyrolysis product. Introducing the pyrolysis product from the pyrolysis zone to a lower part of the gasifier, introducing primary air countercurrently to the lower part, carrying out a final gasification in a lower part of the gasifier in order to form a gasified gas. Introducing the gasified gas to a catalytic oxidation part and through a catalyst layer of the catalytic oxidation part, and reforming the gasified gas by way of the catalytic oxidation in the presence of reforming air in the catalytic oxidation part, forming a gaseous product.

The present invention relates to a vertical pyrolysis reactor, including a reactor shell, a feeding device, a biomass gas outlet on the top of the reactor, an ash discharging device on the bottom of the reactor, and a grate inside the reactor. The feeding device is located on the bottom of the reactor, and an outlet of the feeding device is located in a central region of the bottom in the reactor for uniform material distribution. A slag breaking device is mounted in the pyrolysis reactor, forming an organic combination with the rotating grate. The output is adjustable through the operating speed of the grate. Precise control of a pyrolysis reaction is realized by controlling the feeding speed, discharging speed, material bed thickness, inlet air volume, inlet air distribution, reaction temperature, etc. Biomass having a size up to around 10 cm can be processed effectively and continuously due to the position design of the feeding device in conjunction with the use of the slag breaking device.

The present invention relates to a vertical pyrolysis reactor, including a reactor shell, a feeding device, a biomass gas outlet on the top of the reactor, an ash discharging device on the bottom of the reactor, and a grate inside the reactor. The feeding device is located on the bottom of the reactor, and an outlet of the feeding device is located in a central region of the bottom in the reactor for uniform material distribution. A slag breaking device is mounted in the pyrolysis reactor, forming an organic combination with the rotating grate. The output is adjustable through the operating speed of the grate. Precise control of a pyrolysis reaction is realized by controlling the feeding speed, discharging speed, material bed thickness, inlet air volume, inlet air distribution, reaction temperature, etc. Biomass having a size up to around 10 cm can be processed effectively and continuously due to the position design of the feeding device in conjunction with the use of the slag breaking device.

A downdraft fixed-bed gasifier for producing product gas from pourable biomass particles includes a gasifier container, a gasifier component, a feeder, an air supply inlet, a grate and a product gas vent. The gasifier container has a larger diameter than does the gasifier component. The lower open end of the gasifier component extends down into the gasifier container. The feeder is adapted to receive biomass particles into the upper closed end of the gasifier component. Combustion air is fed into the gasifier component through the air supply inlet located near the upper closed end. The grate supports the biomass particles and is disposed in a lower portion of the gasifier container below the lower open end of the gasifier component. Product gas generated from oxidizing the biomass particles exits the gasifier container through the product gas vent located in the side of the container below the level of the grate.

A downdraft fixed-bed gasifier for producing product gas from pourable biomass particles includes a gasifier container, a gasifier component, a feeder, an air supply inlet, a grate and a product gas vent. The gasifier container has a larger diameter than does the gasifier component. The lower open end of the gasifier component extends down into the gasifier container. The feeder is adapted to receive biomass particles into the upper closed end of the gasifier component. Combustion air is fed into the gasifier component through the air supply inlet located near the upper closed end. The grate supports the biomass particles and is disposed in a lower portion of the gasifier container below the lower open end of the gasifier component. Product gas generated from oxidizing the biomass particles exits the gasifier container through the product gas vent located in the side of the container below the level of the grate.

A method and system for continuous production of contaminant free and size specific biochar using downdraft gasification of variable quality feedstock. The system and process of the present invention includes the transfer of biochar from a gasifier after gasification to a temperature-controlled cooling screw conveyor, into a drum magnet for ferrous metal removal into multiple diverters to separate and remove ungasified materials and non-ferrous metal contaminants, then transferred into a granulator for grinding and screening the biochar to a pre-selected size. By directly attaching a novel and continuous product treatment process to the biochar stream as it exits the gasifier, the particle size, moisture content, carbon content and yield of a contaminant free biochar product can be narrowly controlled and improved to meet strict product quality specifications required by specialty applications.

A method and system for continuous production of contaminant free and size specific biochar using downdraft gasification of variable quality feedstock. The system and process of the present invention includes the transfer of biochar from a gasifier after gasification to a temperature-controlled cooling screw conveyor, into a drum magnet for ferrous metal removal into multiple diverters to separate and remove ungasified materials and non-ferrous metal contaminants, then transferred into a granulator for grinding and screening the biochar to a pre-selected size. By directly attaching a novel and continuous product treatment process to the biochar stream as it exits the gasifier, the particle size, moisture content, carbon content and yield of a contaminant free biochar product can be narrowly controlled and improved to meet strict product quality specifications required by specialty applications.

The invention includes mixing gas or solid particulate fuel in a conduit segment that houses a mixing chamber. Fuel is fed through a fuel inlet port into the mixing chamber. High velocity combustion air from a blower is forced into the mixing chamber through a restricted orifice that generates a suction pressure for drawing gas or solid particulate fuel into the mixing chamber. A combustion chamber supply conduit delivers fuel from the mixing chamber into a burner.

The invention includes mixing gas or solid particulate fuel in a conduit segment that houses a mixing chamber. Fuel is fed through a fuel inlet port into the mixing chamber. High velocity combustion air from a blower is forced into the mixing chamber through a restricted orifice that generates a suction pressure for drawing gas or solid particulate fuel into the mixing chamber. A combustion chamber supply conduit delivers fuel from the mixing chamber into a burner.

A gasifier system that combines the use of dirty fuels with clean fuels such as biomass. The heat created produces steam for the co-generation of mechanical power and electricity. The dirty fuels are converted in a gasifier or a pyrolyzer into various useful products that include syngas, heat, and oils. Syngas that is produced by the dirty fuels normally emits pollutants when combusted that require scrubbing. However, when the syngas is combusted into a biomass gasifier the dirty fuel emissions are scrubbed by being reformed into a much cleaner syngas/producer gas. Heat transferred from the dirty fuels gasifier/pyrolyzer syngas increases the efficiency of the clean fuels gasifier that results in increased amounts of steam for electricity/power production. In lieu of producing steam, the syngas from the clean fuel gasifier can be used to fuel an engine for power production. Other outputs from the clean-fuels gasifier include biochar and ash.