The following description relates generally to self-heated consumer spa products heated by means of a prolonged exothermic chemical reaction for various therapeutic and/or spa applications for applying heat to portions of a person's body.

The following description relates generally to self-heated consumer spa products heated by means of a prolonged exothermic chemical reaction for various therapeutic and/or spa applications for applying heat to portions of a person's body.

The present application relates to systems and methods for altering temperature in a mammalian body. Optionally, the systems and methods can be used to lower or raise core body temperature of a mammalian subject. Optionally, the systems and methods can be used to lower or raise the temperature of glabrous skin of a mammalian subject.

Disclosed are thermoregulatory systems. In particular, thermoregulatory devices are incorporated into garments for warming and cooling a user's body. Thermoregulatory devices are waterproof and breathable, which allow thermogenerators such as hot packs and cold packs, to remain dry while still allowing air flow such that thermogenerators using air-activated chemical reactants remain active. Thermoregulatory devices are particularly useful with garments maintaining the thermogenerators close to the body's core where they will be most effective. The thermoregulation systems advantageously allow a user to selectively position thermoregulatory devices in different regions of the user's body to self-regulate core body temperature.

Disclosed are thermoregulatory systems. In particular, thermoregulatory devices are incorporated into garments for warming and cooling a user's body. Thermoregulatory devices are waterproof and breathable, which allow thermogenerators such as hot packs and cold packs, to remain dry while still allowing air flow such that thermogenerators using air-activated chemical reactants remain active. Thermoregulatory devices are particularly useful with garments maintaining the thermogenerators close to the body's core where they will be most effective. The thermoregulation systems advantageously allow a user to selectively position thermoregulatory devices in different regions of the user's body to self-regulate core body temperature.

The following description relates generally to self-heated consumer spa products heated by means of a prolonged exothermic chemical reaction for various therapeutic and/or spa applications for applying heat to portions of a person's body.

The following description relates generally to self-heated consumer spa products heated by means of a prolonged exothermic chemical reaction for various therapeutic and/or spa applications for applying heat to portions of a person's body.

The present disclosure is drawn to topical formulations and related methods. In one embodiment, a topical formulation is provided that includes an active agent, a first compound, and a second compound. The first compound and second compound are different and each is selected from the group consisting of N-lauroyl sarcosine, sodium octyl sulfate, methyl laurate, isopropyl myristate, oleic acid, glyceryl oleate, and sodium lauryl sulfoacetate.

A heat generating device including a heat generating element and an enclosing material entirely enclosing the heat generating element. The heat generating element includes a base sheet formed of a fibrous sheet containing superabsorbent polymer particles and hydrophilic fibers and a layer of a heat generative composition containing oxidizable metal particles on a side of the base sheet. The enclosing material includes a first cover sheet and a second cover sheet bonded together in their peripheral portions to provide a space therebetween in which the heat generating member is placed. The heat generating element in the space is in a non-fixed state to the enclosing material. The first cover sheet has air permeability in part and is disposed on the side of the layer of the heat generative composition. The heat generating device is capable of releasing steam from the side of the first cover sheet during use.

There is described an apparatus for heating or cooling a material to be heated or to be cooled. The apparatus includes: a first compartment for containing the material to be heated or to be cooled; and a second compartment containing a phase change material, wherein the phase change material is either for generating heat to heat the first compartment or absorbing heat to cool the first compartment when undergoing a phase change. There are further described various different activating arrangements for activating a change of phase of the phase change material.