A method for improving wear control in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and encapsulated microscale particles, as a minor component. The minor component contains no sulfur or phosphorus. The encapsulated microscale particles include an encapsulating material and a core material encapsulated by the encapsulating material. The core material includes at least one metal salt selected from a metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate, or mixtures thereof. The encapsulating material is derived from a carboxylic acid selected from an aliphatic carboxylic acid, a cycloaliphatic carboxylic acid, an aromatic carboxylic acid, and mixtures thereof. The lubricating oils are useful in internal combustion engines.

A method for improving wear control in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and encapsulated microscale particles, as a minor component. The minor component contains no sulfur or phosphorus. The encapsulated microscale particles include an encapsulating material and a core material encapsulated by the encapsulating material. The core material includes at least one metal salt selected from a metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate, or mixtures thereof. The encapsulating material is derived from a carboxylic acid selected from an aliphatic carboxylic acid, a cycloaliphatic carboxylic acid, an aromatic carboxylic acid, and mixtures thereof. The lubricating oils are useful in internal combustion engines.

An electrical discharge machining oil composition of the invention includes an organic acid metal salt and a base oil, in which the organic acid metal salt is an organic acid salt of a metal having an electronegativity on Pauling scale of 2 or less, and the present composition has a volume resistivity at 80 degrees C. of 2?10.sup.?5 T?.Math.m or more and a kinematic viscosity at 40 degrees C. in a range from 0.5 mm.sup.2/s to 10 mm.sup.2/s.

An electrical discharge machining oil composition of the invention includes an organic acid metal salt and a base oil, in which the organic acid metal salt is an organic acid salt of a metal having an electronegativity on Pauling scale of 2 or less, and the present composition has a volume resistivity at 80 degrees C. of 2?10.sup.?5 T?.Math.m or more and a kinematic viscosity at 40 degrees C. in a range from 0.5 mm.sup.2/s to 10 mm.sup.2/s.

A water-containing lubricant coating agent, used in metal plastic working, includes a water content of 3 to 50 mass %, at least one lipophilic lubricating component (A) and/or at least one solid lubricant (B) with cleavability dispersed in water, and at least one water-soluble lubricating component (C) selected from fatty acid components having 12 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein a mass ratio of (C)/[(A)+(B)]=0.05 to 0.5.

A water-containing lubricant coating agent, used in metal plastic working, includes a water content of 3 to 50 mass %, at least one lipophilic lubricating component (A) and/or at least one solid lubricant (B) with cleavability dispersed in water, and at least one water-soluble lubricating component (C) selected from fatty acid components having 12 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein a mass ratio of (C)/[(A)+(B)]=0.05 to 0.5.

The present invention relates to a steel cord for rubber reinforcement. In the steel cord of the present invention, cobalt is contained by 0.001 ppm to 0.1 ppm within a 4 nm top-surface of the brass-plated steel wire. A method of manufacturing the steel cord includes: providing a brass-plated steel wire; mixing a cobalt compound in a wet lubricant filled in a wet drawing bath provided with a plurality of drawing dies between one pair of multi-stage drawing cones such that the concentration of the cobalt compound becomes 0.1 ppm to 100 ppm; and causing the cobalt to be contained by 0.001 ppm to 0.1 ppm within a 4 nm top-surface of the brass-plated steel wire after the brass-plated steel wire passes through a final die by causing the cobalt to be attached to a surface of the brass-plated steel wire and alloyed with a brass layer while the brass-plated steel wire is passing through the drawing cones and the drawing dies to be subjected to multi-stage drawing.

The present invention relates to a steel cord for rubber reinforcement. In the steel cord of the present invention, cobalt is contained by 0.001 ppm to 0.1 ppm within a 4 nm top-surface of the brass-plated steel wire. A method of manufacturing the steel cord includes: providing a brass-plated steel wire; mixing a cobalt compound in a wet lubricant filled in a wet drawing bath provided with a plurality of drawing dies between one pair of multi-stage drawing cones such that the concentration of the cobalt compound becomes 0.1 ppm to 100 ppm; and causing the cobalt to be contained by 0.001 ppm to 0.1 ppm within a 4 nm top-surface of the brass-plated steel wire after the brass-plated steel wire passes through a final die by causing the cobalt to be attached to a surface of the brass-plated steel wire and alloyed with a brass layer while the brass-plated steel wire is passing through the drawing cones and the drawing dies to be subjected to multi-stage drawing.

Object

There found a demand for ashless type novel lubricant which does not contain phosphorus, sulfur or metals and has high friction reducing effect, and suppresses the generation of deposit/sludge and the like, and furthermore can exhibit a detergency effect. It is an object to provide a novel lubricant capable of responding to this demand.

In addition, it was found out that it is required to demonstrate performances such as friction reduction effect and detergent effect under various low temperature and high temperature environments. In the present invention, it is also an object to provide a novel lubricant which can exhibit excellent performance even under various low temperature and high temperature environments even at the higher dosage.

Solution

A lubricating oil/grease additive characterized by containing a polyetheramine carboxylic acid salt represented by the general formula (1).

[R.sub.1COO.sup.][R.sub.2O(AO)m-X.sup.+](1)

Here, the carboxylic acid is a carboxylic acid having carbon number R.sub.1=7-21, preferably carboxylic acid having carbon number R.sub.1=7-19, more preferably oleic acid R.sub.1=C17.

R.sub.2 is a hydrocarbon group of carbon number from 8 to 50, A is an alkyl group of carbon number from 2 to 6, O is oxygen, m is an integer of 10 to 50, and X is an amino group or a substituted amino group.

Object

There found a demand for ashless type novel lubricant which does not contain phosphorus, sulfur or metals and has high friction reducing effect, and suppresses the generation of deposit/sludge and the like, and furthermore can exhibit a detergency effect. It is an object to provide a novel lubricant capable of responding to this demand.

In addition, it was found out that it is required to demonstrate performances such as friction reduction effect and detergent effect under various low temperature and high temperature environments. In the present invention, it is also an object to provide a novel lubricant which can exhibit excellent performance even under various low temperature and high temperature environments even at the higher dosage.

Solution

A lubricating oil/grease additive characterized by containing a polyetheramine carboxylic acid salt represented by the general formula (1).

[R.sub.1COO.sup.][R.sub.2O(AO)m-X.sup.+](1)

Here, the carboxylic acid is a carboxylic acid having carbon number R.sub.1=7-21, preferably carboxylic acid having carbon number R.sub.1=7-19, more preferably oleic acid R.sub.1=C17.

R.sub.2 is a hydrocarbon group of carbon number from 8 to 50, A is an alkyl group of carbon number from 2 to 6, O is oxygen, m is an integer of 10 to 50, and X is an amino group or a substituted amino group.