The present invention relates to a lactase solution comprising a lactase solution comprising less than 10 g/kg of poly and oligosaccharides, a process for the production of such a lactase solution from an untreated lactase solution, a sterilized lactase, whereby such lactose is filter sterilized in-line with the milk production process.

The invention relates to a genetically modified microorganism for making a oligosaccharide, preferably of 3-8 monosaccharide units, more preferably of 3-5 monosaccharide units, particularly a HMO, which comprises one or more genes encoding a sucrose utilization system, so the microorganism can use sucrose as a carbon and energy source.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for treating a subject suffering from an enzyme deficiency in the central nervous system (CNS). The bifunctional fusion antibody provided herein comprise an antibody to an endogenous blood brain barrier (BBB) receptor and an enzyme deficient in GM1 gangliosidosis or GM1. The fusion antibodies provided herein comprise galactosidase beta-1 (GLB1). The methods of treating an enzyme deficiency in the CNS comprise systemic administration of a fusion antibody provided herein.

Aspects of the invention relate to recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs). In some aspects, the rAAVs comprise artificial genetic regulatory elements that modulate transgene expression. In some aspects, the disclosure relates to the treatment of lysosomal storage disorders.

Methods, compositions, and kits are provided for rapidly analyzing microbial growth and/or number in a plurality of water-in-oil emulsion droplets.

The disclosure provides compositions and methods useful for the depletion of a specific population of endogenous hematopoietic stem cells and/or immune cells from a subject prior to transplantation with genetically modified stem cells to improve the engraftment of the transplanted stem cells and provide gene therapy. The disclosure provides compositions and methods for the treatment of various hematopoietic diseases, metabolic disorders, cancers, and autoimmune diseases, among others. Described herein are antibodies, antigen-binding fragments, and conjugates thereof that can be applied to effect the treatment of these conditions, for instance, by depleting a population of CD117+ or CD45+ cells in a patient, such as a human.

The present invention relates to polypeptides, specifically polypeptides having transgalactosylating activity and nucleic acids encoding these, and their uses in e.g. dairy product.

The invention is directed to a lactose-positive, galactose-negative, Streptococcus thermophilus strain releasing glucose during milk fermentation. This Streptococcus thermophilus strain carries mutation in the glcK gene, in the ccpA gene, in the lacZ gene and/or in the ptsH gene, and optionally in one or more genes, in particular one gene, encoding a protein of the mannose-glucose-specific PTS. The invention also concerns a composition comprising at least one, lactose-positive, galactose-negative, Streptococcus thermophilus strain of the invention, and the use of this strain or composition to manufacture a fermented dairy product.

Methods and compositions for a probiotic strain selected by targeted in vivo (in the human gut) enrichment to aid with healthy lactose digestion are provided. The probiotic strain selected may beneficially include Bifidobacterium adolescentis strain IVS-1 for reducing and/or preventing symptoms of lactose intolerance in a subject in need thereof.

Provided is a method for improving the production amount of a tri- or higher galactooligosaccharide and the reaction rate by a method for producing a galactooligosaccharide characterized by allowing β-galactosidase to react with a substrate in the presence of 5 to 60 mM sodium ions and 0.5 to 8 mM magnesium ions.