A nucleic acid construct for improving an adeno-associated virus yield, and a construction method therefor. The nucleic acid construct includes: an adeno-associated virus (AAV) element, and a polynucleotide encoding an IE protein. Said AAV element includes a polynucleotide encoding a Cap protein, a polynucleotide encoding a Rep protein, and an AAV cis-regulatory element. The construction method includes integrating an AAV element carrying an exogenous target gene and a polynucleotide that encodes the IE protein into to a baculovirus vector backbone. The obtained recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) has a low empty capsid rate, while the rAAV yield of a single cell and a unit volume culture is increased, the production cost is reduced, and the production is easy to scale up.

Compositions and methods are disclosed for producing adeno-associated virus (AAV) in insect cells in vitro. Recombinant baculovirus vectors include an AAV Capsid gene expression cassette (Cap), an AAV Rep gene expression cassette (Rep), and a baculovirus homologous region (hr) located up to about 4 kb from a start codon in an AAV expression cassette. Production levels of baculovirus and AAV in insect cells harboring recombinant baculovirus comprising a Cap, a Rep, and an hr are higher compared to controls comprising a Cap and a Rep but no hr. Furthermore, levels of baculovirus and AAV production in insect cells infected with recombinant baculovirus comprising a Cap, a Rep, and an hr are comparatively stable over serial passages of cells, whereas levels of baculovirus and AAV production decline over serial passages of insect cells comprising recombinant baculovirus comprising a Cap and a Rep, but no hr.

Provided herein are methods and compositions useful in the production of recombinant AAV (rAAV) in insect cells. In some embodiments, methods and compositions include the use of modified Kozak sequences to express AAV VP1 proteins in amounts that are useful for producing infective rAAV particles.

The present disclosure presents methods for producing baculovirus infected insect cells (BIICs). The present disclosure describes methods and systems for use in the production of adeno-associated virus (AAV) particles, compositions and formulations, including recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV). In certain embodiments, the production process and system use Baculoviral Expression Vectors (BEVs) and/or Baculoviral Infected Insect Cells (BIICs) in the production of rAAVs. In certain embodiments, the present disclosure presents methods and systems for designing, producing, clarifying, purifying, formulating, filtering and processing rAAVs and rAAV formulations. In certain embodiments, the production process and system use Spodoptera frugiperda insect cells (such as Sf9 or Sf21) as viral production cells (VPCs).

Disclosed herein are chimeric recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) capsid proteins comprising a region of VP1μ that is replaced by the corresponding amino acids of the VP1μ of AAV serotype 1 (AAV1) or AAV serotype 8 (AAV8), and particles comprising them.

Provided herein are methods and compositions useful in the production of recombinant AAV (rAAV) in insect cells. In some embodiments, methods and compositions include the use of modified Kozak sequences to express AAV VP1 proteins in amounts that are useful for producing infective rAAV particles.

The present invention relates nucleic acid constructs for the production of recombinant parvoviral (e.g. adeno-associated viral) vectors in insect cells, to insect cells comprising such constructs and to methods wherein the cells are used to produce recombinant parvoviral virions. The insect cells preferably comprise a first nucleotide sequence encoding the parvoviral rep proteins whereby the initiation codon for translation of the parvoviral Rep78 protein is a suboptimal initiation codon that effects partial exon skipping upon expression in insect cells. The insect cell further comprises a second nucleotide sequence comprising at least one parvoviral (AA V) inverted terminal repeat (ITR) nucleotide sequence and a third nucleotide sequence comprising a sequences coding for the parvoviral capsid proteins.

The invention relates to novel peptides, polypeptides or proteins which specifically bind to cells of the brain and/or the spinal cord. The peptides, polypeptides or proteins can be part of a viral capsid, and they can be used for guiding a recombinant viral vector selectively to the brain and/or spinal cord after systemic administration to a subject, where it provides for a tissue-specific expression of one or more transgenes. The invention therefore also relates to a recombinant viral vector, preferably an AAV vector, comprising a capsid containing at least one of the peptides, polypeptides or proteins of the invention and at least one transgene which is packaged within the capsid. The viral vector is particularly suitable for the therapeutic treatment of a disease or functional disorder of the brain and/or the spinal cord. The invention further relates to cells and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the viral vector of the invention.

Provided herein are lipid nanoparticle formulations that comprise an ionizable lipid and non-viral, capsid-free DNA vectors with covalently-closed ends.

The application describes ceDNA vectors having linear and continuous structure for insertion of a transgene into a gene safe harbor (GSH) in a genome, e.g., mammalian genome. ceDNA vectors can comprise at least one ITR sequence, or two ITR sequences, a transgene, and at least one nucleic acid sequence that specifically binds to, or hybridizes to a GSH locus. Some ceDNA vectors comprise at least one GSH homology arm (GSH HA), e.g., a 5 GSH HA, and/or a 3 GSH HA, and some ceDNA vectors comprise a guide RNA (gRNA) or guide DNA (gDNA) that specifically targets a region in the GSH locus and/or a 5 or 3 GSH HA herein. Some ceDNA vectors also comprise a gene editing cassette that encodes a gene editing molecule. Some ceDNA vectors further comprise cis-regulatory elements, including regulatory switches for regulation of the transgene expression after its insertion at a GSH