An elongate electrode is supported between two arms and configured to flex and generate plasma to incise tissue. Each of the arms is configured to penetrate tissue with the electrode supported therebetween to form a pocket with an incision. Each arm may comprise a distal tip shaped to penetrate tissue, and an internal curved structure such as a track is shaped to allow the electrode to slide over the curved structure while the electrode is tensioned. The internal curved structure may comprise an electrically insulating material that provides electrical insulation to the tensioned sliding electrode. An opening formed in a lumen allows the electrode to extended between the curved structure and the exposed portion of the electrode suspended between the two arms. The separation distance between the two arms can be adjusted to vary an exposed length of the electrode to create a pocket incision of varying width.

A first image of the eye is generated when the cornea of the eye is exposed to a gas. The cornea is covered with an optic of a patient interface. A second image of the eye with the patient interface over the cornea is generated. In this second image, the patient interface distorts the second image of the eye. One or more of a position or an orientation of the eye is determined in response to the first image and the second image when the patient interface has been placed over the cornea.

A first image of the eye is generated when the cornea of the eye is exposed to a gas. The cornea is covered with an optic of a patient interface. A second image of the eye with the patient interface over the cornea is generated. In this second image, the patient interface distorts the second image of the eye. One or more of a position or an orientation of the eye is determined in response to the first image and the second image when the patient interface has been placed over the cornea.

There is disclosed a trephine guide having an upper guide member having a first substantially circular guide aperture and a first circumferential portion and a lower guide member having a second substantially circular guide aperture and a second circumferential portion. The upper and lower guide members are connected in a spaced apart configuration by at least one arm extending from the first circumferential portion to the second circumferential portion, such that the first and second guide apertures are substantially concentric, thereby to allow a trephine to pass through the upper and lower guide members. The at least one arm has a width that extends over less than three quarters of the circumference of the first or second circumferential portions to allow good visibility to a trephine blade.

There is disclosed a trephine guide having an upper guide member having a first substantially circular guide aperture and a first circumferential portion and a lower guide member having a second substantially circular guide aperture and a second circumferential portion. The upper and lower guide members are connected in a spaced apart configuration by at least one arm extending from the first circumferential portion to the second circumferential portion, such that the first and second guide apertures are substantially concentric, thereby to allow a trephine to pass through the upper and lower guide members. The at least one arm has a width that extends over less than three quarters of the circumference of the first or second circumferential portions to allow good visibility to a trephine blade.

A first image of the eye is generated when the cornea of the eye is exposed to a gas. The cornea is covered with an optic of a patient interface. A second image of the eye with the patient interface over the cornea is generated. In this second image, the patient interface distorts the second image of the eye. One or more of a position or an orientation of the eye is determined in response to the first image and the second image when the patient interface has been placed over the cornea.

A first image of the eye is generated when the cornea of the eye is exposed to a gas. The cornea is covered with an optic of a patient interface. A second image of the eye with the patient interface over the cornea is generated. In this second image, the patient interface distorts the second image of the eye. One or more of a position or an orientation of the eye is determined in response to the first image and the second image when the patient interface has been placed over the cornea.

A method, system and apparatus for vision correction are disclosed. The method, system and apparatus include a toric intraocular element for correcting astigmatism and having a cylinder power, and a depth of focus extender coupled to the toric intraocular element, the depth of focus extender extending a depth of focus. The extended depth of focus may reduce sensitivity of the toric intraocular element to at least one of rotation and selected cylinder power.

A method, system and apparatus for vision correction are disclosed. The method, system and apparatus include a toric intraocular element for correcting astigmatism and having a cylinder power, and a depth of focus extender coupled to the toric intraocular element, the depth of focus extender extending a depth of focus. The extended depth of focus may reduce sensitivity of the toric intraocular element to at least one of rotation and selected cylinder power.

Disclosed herein is a method and a tool for making tunnel incisions of modified architecture in the cornea and sclera. The tool comprises means for making two additional backward incisions made near the side edges of the main tunnel incision. Additional incisions, made to a depth of 10 to 300 m, are set at an angle of from 15 to 165 relative to the plane of the main tunnel incision. Performing the additional incisions results in a partial downward incision of the tunnel floor (rear part) in its side.