A blowing lance tip includes a central stirring gas-supply tube, an inner coolant-inlet tube ending, at one end thereof facing the bath, in a second front wall and having a central opening, an outer coolant-outlet tube, a heat exchange space, and a stirring gas-outlet pipe leading from each opening in the front wall, wherein the second front wall has, at the central opening, an edge which is curved in axial cross-section such that a height (H3) is defined between a leading face of said edge and the third front wall, and such that, in the heat exchange space, a predetermined minimum height (H1) is present on the side facing the central opening.

The instant invention relates to a blow lance assembly for metal manufacturing and refining, developed so as to control slag formation and oxidation, as well as the heat capacity of the reactor, and the conservation of the operational conditions during charging and blowing, having, in its lower part, two groups of gas outlets which determine two blowing conditions, the first group consisting of oxygen passage nozzles having a converging-diverging shape, main responsible for the oxidation reactions and for the conveyance of the basic solid material, mainly calcium oxide, for initial slag formation, and dephosphorization at the final stages during batch refining; the second group consisting of secondary jets with various functions during each blowing stage, the first function, at the beginning of the process as an afterburning agent, through the reaction of oxygen with carbon monoxide generated by the main jets, and the second function being that of accelerating the reaction with carbon by increasing oxygen jet speed, accelerating scrap melting in the early stages and, finally, incrementing the oxidation of the elements of the metal bath, iron, in order to reduce the phosphorus content in the final stages of batch refining.

A cooling system for use in support of a pyro-metallurgical furnace includes a liquid heat transfer fluid blend of 10%-50% water with monoethylene glycol (MEG), diethylene glycol (DEG), or triethylene glycol (TEG), and corrosion inhibitors. When using such glycols, a minimum of 10% water prevents the heat transfer fluid from becoming too viscous for economical pumping, and a maximum of 50% water prevents BLEVE incidents inside the furnace. Such intrinsically safe cooling system circulates the liquid heat transfer fluid blend with an optimally sized pump, filtration, pressurization, and at flow velocities sufficient to avoid film boiling.

A solids injection lance includes (a) a tube that defines a passageway for solid feed material to be injected through the tube and has an inlet for solid material at a rear end and an outlet for discharging solid material at a forward end of the tube and (b) a puncture detection system for detecting a puncture in the solids injection tube.

An oxygen blowing lance comprising: a lance body including an oxygen conduit and cooling water inlet and outlet conduits surrounding said oxygen conduit; a lance head connected to said lance body and comprising a nozzle body, said nozzle body including a central strut having bore hole, a plurality of nozzles arranged about said central strut, and a plurality of cooling chambers arranged about said central strut, wherein said plurality of nozzles are in fluid communication with said oxygen conduit for discharging oxygen from said oxygen conduit onto a metal bath in a converter vessel, and wherein said plurality of cooling chambers are in fluid communication with said cooling water inlet and outlet conduits; a temperature probe or camera assembly, such as an optical or infrared camera assembly, received in said bore hole for monitoring the temperature of said lance head or molten heat in which the lance is inserted; signal lines connected to said temperature probe for conveying signals from said temperature probe whereby operation of said blowing lance is regulated in response to said signals; and a protective pipe pressurized with a gas disposed in the bore and surrounding said temperature probe assembly and the signal lines.

Provided is a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a lance nozzle comprising: a casting step for primarily manufacturing the lance nozzle comprising a plurality of discharge pipes, which discharge a gas supplied through an inlet to an outlet, and a front wall with a plurality of discharge holes, each of which is connected to the outlet of the discharge pipe; and a forging step for forming forging structure by forging a circumference of the discharge holes in a front surface of the front wall positioned on an opposite side to the discharge pipes.

A blowing control method for maintaining a mushroom head of a bottom-blowing nozzle converter is disclosed. Considering the actual state of the mushroom head at the end of the bottom-blowing nozzle tip, the real-time molten steel overheating change during the blowing process, the process requirements of different stages of blowing conversion, and the macroscopic heat balance of the converter, the oxygen-carbon dioxide-lime powder blowing parameters of the inner tube of the bottom-blowing nozzle are dynamically adjusted during the converter smelting process of the bottom-blowing nozzle converter so as to control the cooling intensity, thus achieving precise control of the size of the mushroom head. The present invention maintains the basic stability of the size of the mushroom head at the end of the bottom-blowing nozzle tip, avoiding nozzle blockage caused by an oversized mushroom head and rapid erosion of the nozzle caused by an undersized mushroom head.