A member includes a base material and an electroless plating layer. The base material includes an elastic section that includes a sulfur-containing elastic body. The electroless plating layer is provided on the elastic section of the base material. The base material includes the elastic section, and the electroless plating layer is positioned on one surface of the elastic section. The elastic section has a portion that is elastically deformable together with the electroless plating layer.

A method for applying a sulfonation treatment to a thermoplastic part includes installing a gas sulfonation assembly on one or more surfaces of the thermoplastic part by forming a vacuum bag on the one or more surfaces. The vacuum bag forms a sealed cavity between the vacuum bag and a treatment portion of the one or more surfaces. The method further includes drawing a vacuum in the sealed cavity with the gas sulfonation assembly, directing a sulfonating gas into the sealed cavity with the gas sulfonation assembly to sulfonate the treatment portion, removing the sulfonating gas from the sealed cavity with the gas sulfonation assembly, removing the gas sulfonation assembly from the thermoplastic part, applying a neutralizing agent to the treatment portion, and applying at least one coating to the treatment portion.

A substrate processing apparatus for forming a coating film on a peripheral edge portion including a peripheral edge of a front surface and a side surface of a substrate, includes: a substrate holder for rotatably holding the substrate; a first chemical liquid supplier for supplying a first chemical liquid onto the peripheral edge including a rear surface of the substrate; a partial removing part for removing the first chemical liquid adhering to at least a portion of the front and side surfaces; a second chemical liquid supplier for supplying a second chemical liquid for forming the coating film onto the front and side surfaces; a first chemical liquid removing part for removing the first chemical liquid remaining on the substrate to which the second chemical liquid adheres; and a controller for controlling the parts described above.

Omniphobic compositions and methods of fabricating the same are provided. An omniphobic (or superomniphobic) coating can be fabricated on a fabric (e.g., cotton fabric) substrate. The multiscale textured surface can be achieved using a polymer (e.g., polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) electroless nickel coating, and the surface energy can be further reduced with the binding of a fluorinated monolayer. Once rendered repellant to both water and oil, the fabric substrates retain their repellency even after being contorted.