The present invention relates to silver nanoclusters doped with rhodium hydride, a method of producing the same, and an electrochemical catalyst for hydrogen gas generation. The silver nanoclusters doped with rhodium hydride of the present invention have utility as an electrochemical catalyst, have a significantly low production cost compared to a platinum (Pt) catalyst according to the related art, and exhibit an effect of generating hydrogen gas equal to or greater than that of the Pt catalyst.

An apparatus for electrolysing seawater to produce hydrogen is disclosed. The apparatus includes a unipolar electrolytic cell configured to operate in cathode-cathode mode and configured to reduce the production of chlorine and/or oxygen.

An apparatus for electrolysing seawater to produce hydrogen is disclosed. The apparatus includes a unipolar electrolytic cell configured to operate in cathode-cathode mode and configured to reduce the production of chlorine and/or oxygen.

Fluoride-containing nickel iron oxyhydroxide electrocatalysts for use as anodes in anion exchange membrane electrolyzers for generating hydrogen gas.

Fluoride-containing nickel iron oxyhydroxide electrocatalysts for use as anodes in anion exchange membrane electrolyzers for generating hydrogen gas.

Described herein are salt-splitting electrolysis systems, which comprise flow electrodes, and methods of operating such systems. Specifically, the flow electrodes comprise active particles (suspended in a solvent) with catalysts. These catalysts are configured to react with either cations or anions, provided in a feed stream. The flow electrodes allow using the same system for different feed streams, e.g., by flowing different types of electrodes through the system. Furthermore, the flow electrodes allow in-situ catalyst reconditioning. For example, the active particles can be flown from the current collectors to respective recovery devices where the particles are discharged or subjected to a reverse potential. The active particles can be conductive and provide more desirable electrical field distribution between the current collectors resulting in greater ionic mobility. Finally, the active particles concentrate ions around the particles thereby providing a higher concentration gradient through separating structures, which enclose the feed stream.

Described herein are salt-splitting electrolysis systems, which comprise flow electrodes, and methods of operating such systems. Specifically, the flow electrodes comprise active particles (suspended in a solvent) with catalysts. These catalysts are configured to react with either cations or anions, provided in a feed stream. The flow electrodes allow using the same system for different feed streams, e.g., by flowing different types of electrodes through the system. Furthermore, the flow electrodes allow in-situ catalyst reconditioning. For example, the active particles can be flown from the current collectors to respective recovery devices where the particles are discharged or subjected to a reverse potential. The active particles can be conductive and provide more desirable electrical field distribution between the current collectors resulting in greater ionic mobility. Finally, the active particles concentrate ions around the particles thereby providing a higher concentration gradient through separating structures, which enclose the feed stream.

Disclosed herein is a method for fabricating a membrane-electrode assembly for PEM water electrolysis, whereby the electrode layer can be improved in electrical conductivity. Specifically, a membrane-electrode assembly for PEM water electrolysis, comprising: a polymer electrolyte membrane; an anode disposed on one surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane and containing an anode catalyst; a cathode disposed on another surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane and containing a cathode catalyst; and a platinum layer disposed on the anode, and a fabrication method therefor are provided.

Disclosed herein is a method for fabricating a membrane-electrode assembly for PEM water electrolysis, whereby the electrode layer can be improved in electrical conductivity. Specifically, a membrane-electrode assembly for PEM water electrolysis, comprising: a polymer electrolyte membrane; an anode disposed on one surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane and containing an anode catalyst; a cathode disposed on another surface of the polymer electrolyte membrane and containing a cathode catalyst; and a platinum layer disposed on the anode, and a fabrication method therefor are provided.

A tandem electrode for electrochemically reducing carbon dioxide is described. The electrode includes a first distinct catalyst layer and a second distinct catalyst layer. The first distinct catalyst layer is made of a C.sub.1 hydrocarbon or C.sub.2+ product selective catalyst and the second distinct catalyst layer is comprised of a CO selective catalyst. In one embodiment, the second distinct catalyst layer is concentrated at one end of the tandem electrode. In another embodiment, the tandem electrode also includes a microporous layer and a substrate layer.