The invention disclosed herein generally contemplates novel microelectrodes and methods of preparing same.

The invention disclosed herein generally contemplates novel microelectrodes and methods of preparing same.

A catalyst-coated membrane includes a proton-exchange membrane, an anode applied to a first side of the membrane, including at least one noble-metal-containing catalyst, an areal weight of the noble-metal-containing catalyst, based on the noble metal content, being less than or equal to 0.6 mg/cm.sup.2, and a cathode applied to a second side of the membrane, wherein an areal expansion of the catalyst-coated membrane is less than 20% after being held for two hours in water heated to 100° C.

A catalyst-coated membrane includes a proton-exchange membrane, an anode applied to a first side of the membrane, including at least one noble-metal-containing catalyst, an areal weight of the noble-metal-containing catalyst, based on the noble metal content, being less than or equal to 0.6 mg/cm.sup.2, and a cathode applied to a second side of the membrane, wherein an areal expansion of the catalyst-coated membrane is less than 20% after being held for two hours in water heated to 100° C.

The present disclosure relates to a bismuth vanadate electrode including vanadium-functionalized graphene quantum dots and a method for preparing the same. More particularly, it relates to a technology which is capable of, by adding graphene quantum dots (GQDs) in the process of immersing a bismuth vanadate (BiVO.sub.4) electrode in an alkaline solution to remove vanadium oxide (V.sub.2O.sub.5) excessively formed on the surface of the electrode during its preparation, protecting the electrode from the alkaline solution as the graphene quantum dots are adsorbed onto the surface of BiVO.sub.4 while V.sub.2O.sub.5 is removed, and improving the efficiency of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) when applied to a photoanode due to vanadium (V)-functionalized graphene quantum dots formed as the etched vanadium ions ((VO).sub.4.sup.3−) are adsorbed onto the graphene quantum dots.

The catalyst composition includes graphitic carbon nitride and a plurality of platinum oxide nanoparticles disposed on the graphitic carbon nitride.

The catalyst composition includes graphitic carbon nitride and a plurality of platinum oxide nanoparticles disposed on the graphitic carbon nitride.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a catalyst composition, wherein in an aqueous medium containing an iridium compound, at a pH 9, an iridium-containing solid is deposited on a support material, and the support material loaded with the iridium-containing solid is separated from the aqueous medium and dried, wherein, in the method, the support material loaded with the iridium-containing solid is not subjected to a thermal treatment at a temperature of more than 250° C. for a period of time of longer than 1 hour.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a catalyst composition, wherein in an aqueous medium containing an iridium compound, at a pH 9, an iridium-containing solid is deposited on a support material, and the support material loaded with the iridium-containing solid is separated from the aqueous medium and dried, wherein, in the method, the support material loaded with the iridium-containing solid is not subjected to a thermal treatment at a temperature of more than 250° C. for a period of time of longer than 1 hour.

The present invention provides a photodecomposition module and a photodecomposition cell that have a new structure different from a known art and can decompose a decomposition liquid more effectively than those of the known art. The present invention includes a plurality of photodecomposition cells, and a posture holder that holds each of the photodecomposition cells in a predetermined posture, in which each of the photodecomposition cells decomposes a decomposition liquid with light irradiation, and includes an anode electrode part and a cathode electrode part in an accommodating part, the anode electrode part has a photocatalyst supported on a conductive substrate, the anode electrode part and the cathode electrode part are immersed in the decomposition liquid in the accommodating part, and the accommodating part has a cylindrical shape.