An apparatus may produce a nitrogen-containing compound, and may include a cathode part including a nitrogen-activation catalyst, an organic solvent, a reducing agent, and a cathode electrode, an anode part including an anode electrode, and a diaphragm positioned between the cathode part and the anode part. At least one of the cathode part and the anode part may include a proton source, and voltage is applied between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode to synthesize a nitrogen-containing compound from nitrogen and protons originating from the proton source in the cathode part. A method may produce a nitrogen-containing compound using such an apparatus.

An apparatus may produce a nitrogen-containing compound, and may include a cathode part including a nitrogen-activation catalyst, an organic solvent, a reducing agent, and a cathode electrode, an anode part including an anode electrode, and a diaphragm positioned between the cathode part and the anode part. At least one of the cathode part and the anode part may include a proton source, and voltage is applied between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode to synthesize a nitrogen-containing compound from nitrogen and protons originating from the proton source in the cathode part. A method may produce a nitrogen-containing compound using such an apparatus.

The present disclosure generally relates to apparatuses, systems, and methods for separating a target species (e.g., CO.sub.2) from a gas mixture (e.g., gas stream) via an electrochemical process.

The present disclosure generally relates to apparatuses, systems, and methods for separating a target species (e.g., CO.sub.2) from a gas mixture (e.g., gas stream) via an electrochemical process.

Systems and methods for generating high-pressure hydrogen are described. The hydrogen generation systems include hybrid electrolyzer systems and catalytic compression systems. The systems can directly generate gaseous hydrogen at a pressure of at least 700 bar.

Systems and methods for generating high-pressure hydrogen are described. The hydrogen generation systems include hybrid electrolyzer systems and catalytic compression systems. The systems can directly generate gaseous hydrogen at a pressure of at least 700 bar.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of products comprising 1,2,3-triazolate metal-organic frameworks, including particle, composition, thin film, and device embodiments. Particles made of the 1,2,3-triazolate metal-organic frameworks exhibit unique properties compared to bulk materials, such as reduced polydispersity, increased conductivity, and other properties. Also disclosed herein are embodiments of a method for making particles comprising the 1,2,3-triazolate metal-organic framework and other products comprising the same.

Functionalized aryldiazonium salts and films formed by electrografting of functionalized aryldiazonium salts are provided. Methods for purifying functionalized aryldiazonium salts and for coating solid support systems with functionalized aryldiazonium salts are also provided. These coated solid support systems can be used, for example, in methods of oligonucleotide synthesis.

Functionalized aryldiazonium salts and films formed by electrografting of functionalized aryldiazonium salts are provided. Methods for purifying functionalized aryldiazonium salts and for coating solid support systems with functionalized aryldiazonium salts are also provided. These coated solid support systems can be used, for example, in methods of oligonucleotide synthesis.

Provided herein a polyoxometalate compound represented by formula (I): (Q).sub.n[XM.sub.aM.sub.bM.sub.c(L.sub.a)(L.sub.b)(L.sub.c)W.sub.9O.sub.37] (I) or a solvate thereof; and a method of electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) using the polyoxometalate compound.