A method for electrochemical treatment of water is provided. The method includes providing a flow-through reactor including a cathode and an anode, wherein the anode includes about 80 weight percent or greater of a sub-stoichiometric titanium oxide. The method further includes applying power to the cathode and the anode, passing a solution including water and a metal chloride through the flow-through reactor, and withdrawing the purified water.

A system and method for applying an advanced oxidation process to a UV fluid reactor. An L-shaped electrode is connected to a UV reactor hatch and inserted into the reactor upstream from a UV radiation source.

Methods and systems for the purification of an aqueous solution comprising a photocatalyst employed as an anode and a cathode in communication with an electrolyte to achieve a current flow wherein a charge is applied between the cathode and the photocatalytic excited anode a corresponding increase in electron-hole pairs occurs.

Apparatus and methods are provided for the targeted removal and degradation of at least one contaminant from a fluid stream with at least one physical retention unit containing a retention material configured to receive and capture the at least one contaminant from the fluid stream, and at least one electrochemical cell having a first and a second electrode, operatively connected to the physical retention unit, wherein at least one oxidizing agent(s) generated by electro-oxidative reactions of the at least one electrochemical cell are supplied to the physical retention unit to contact and degrade the at least one contaminants retained and captured within the retention material.

A method for manufacturing an electrode, which can suppress waste of electrode substrate, prevent impairment of operability, improve flatness and the like, and reliably prevent falling off thereof, and simultaneously can prevent wrinkles and bulges of the electrode caused by the heat treatment and the like, thereby manufacturing a higher-quality electrode. The method includes: preparing a rectangular plate-like electrode substrate having attachment portions at two ends including opposing sides by linearly bending two parts so that each part has an overall even side; holding the attachment portions by the suspension jig and a lower jig each being provided with a movement restriction portion with which a leading end of each attachment portion comes into contact, thereby maintaining the electrode substrate in a suspended state; and performing at least heat treatment on the suspended electrode substrate so as to manufacture a portion for an electrode.

The present invention relates to a water purification process carried out in an electrochemical cell in which the content of nitrate ions of an aqueous solution is reduced providing a resulting aqueous solution having a concentration of nitrate concentration lower than 100 ppm, an ammonium concentration lower than 50 ppm and a combined chlorine concentration lower than 2 ppm. The invention also provides a method for designing an electrochemical cell suitable for carrying out said water purification process.

A system and method for using an electrolytic cell to detect an abnormal water flow state through the cell. The system applies a voltage across the electrodes in the cell and preferably waits until current through the cell has stabilized. The system then disconnects the voltage from the cell and begins measuring the floating voltage across the cell over time. A range of normal voltage decay intervals is determined for a flow state where water is flowing through the cell in an expected flow range. An abnormally low flow state will be detected as an abnormally long voltage decay interval.

The invention relates to an electrode suitable for decreasing the chemical oxygen demand of waste-water comprising: a) a permanent component; and b) a sacrificial component arranged face-to-face and releasably attached to the permanent component and in electrical contact therewith, said permanent component consisting of a Substrate of a valve metal equipped with a catalytic coating containing noble metals or oxides thereof, said sacrificial component containing elemental iron. Further the invention relates to a method for abatement of the chemical oxygen demand in an aqueous waste containing oily compounds, glycols or waxes, optionally consisting of a foundry waste, by an electrolytic process involving anodic chlorine evolution in the presence of trivalent iron. Chlorine evolution may be carried out on the surface of an anode consisting of a catalytically activated-valve metal permanent component coupled to an iron-containing sacrificial component.

The present invention provides a set of ozone water manufacturing device which can greatly reduce an unpleasant smell of ozone gas when ozone water is used for sterilizing hands and feet, and can save power consumption of a pump which operates for preventing stagnation of a water stream in an electrolytic bath. The ozone water manufacturing device includes an electrolytic bath and a mixer which atomizes air bubbles of the ozone gas in the ozone water flowing out of the electrolytic bath. Each of the electrode assemblies in an electrode unit within the electrolytic bath is inclined at the predetermined same angle in a vertical direction. The mixer includes a mixing case bottom and a mixing case main body. A vortex flow generating plate generates a violent water stream from the water stream within the mixing case main body.

The invention relates to bio-electrochemical systems for treating wastewater, and sour gas produced by anaerobic digestion of organic material. The invention further relates to novel anode/cathode pairing schemes, and electric and hydraulic architectures for use in bio-electrochemical systems.