An article that includes: a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic substrate comprising a primary surface; at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film disposed over the primary surface; and an easy-to-clean (ETC) coating comprising a fluorinated material that is disposed over an outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film. The at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises an average hardness of 12 GPa or more. Further, the outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a surface roughness (R.sub.q) of less than 1.0 nm. Further, the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a total thickness of about 500 nm or more.

An article that includes: a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic substrate comprising a primary surface; at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film disposed over the primary surface; and an easy-to-clean (ETC) coating comprising a fluorinated material that is disposed over an outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film. The at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises an average hardness of 12 GPa or more. Further, the outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a surface roughness (R.sub.q) of less than 1.0 nm. Further, the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a total thickness of about 500 nm or more.

The present invention relates to a granular thermal insulation material comprising hydrophobized silicon dioxide and at least one IR opacifier, having a tamped density of up to 250 g/l and a compressive strength according to DIN EN 826:2013 at 50% compression of 150 to 300 kPa or greater than 300 kPa, to processes for production thereof and to the use thereof for thermal insulation.

A heat insulating material is a sheet including a fiber and an aerogel. The fiber is aligned in a certain direction in the sheet. A heat insulating structure is used that includes: a high-temperature unit; a low-temperature; and the heat insulating material joining the high-temperature unit and the low-temperature to each other. The certain direction of the heat insulating material is a direction in which the high-temperature unit and the low-temperature unit are joined to each other. A heat insulating structure is used that includes: a first battery cell; a second battery cell; the heat insulating material disposed between the first battery cell and the second battery cell; and a cooling plate that is in contact with the first battery cell, the second battery cell, and the heat insulating material.

An article including a base material of zirconium oxide, an intermediate layer located on the base material, and a surface treating layer formed from a surface treating agent containing a fluorine-containing silane compound located on the intermediate layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes one or more metal oxides. Also disclosed is a process for forming the surface treating layer and a process for producing the article.

An article including a base material of zirconium oxide, an intermediate layer located on the base material, and a surface treating layer formed from a surface treating agent containing a fluorine-containing silane compound located on the intermediate layer, wherein the intermediate layer includes one or more metal oxides. Also disclosed is a process for forming the surface treating layer and a process for producing the article.

An article that includes: a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic substrate comprising a primary surface; at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film disposed over the primary surface; and an easy-to-clean (ETC) coating comprising a fluorinated material that is disposed over an outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film. The at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises an average hardness of 12 GPa or more. Further, the outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a surface roughness (R.sub.q) of less than 1.0 nm. Further, the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a total thickness of about 500 nm or more.

An article that includes: a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic substrate comprising a primary surface; at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film disposed over the primary surface; and an easy-to-clean (ETC) coating comprising a fluorinated material that is disposed over an outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film. The at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises an average hardness of 12 GPa or more. Further, the outer surface of the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a surface roughness (R.sub.q) of less than 1.0 nm. Further, the at least one of an optical film and a scratch-resistant film comprises a total thickness of about 500 nm or more.