Disclosed are iron nanoparticles, in which at least 70% of the iron atoms they contain are present in an Fe2,2C crystalline structure. In particular, these nanoparticles can be obtained via the carburization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles, by contacting the iron nanoparticles with a gas mixture of dihydrogen and carbon monoxide. The iron carbide nanoparticles are particularly suitable to be used for hyperthermia and for catalyzing Sabatier and Fischer-Tropsch reactions.

Disclosed are a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, a preparation method therefor and use thereof in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction. Wherein the catalyst comprises: an active component, being at least one selected from VIIIB transition metals; an optional auxiliary metal; and a nitride carrier having a high specific surface area. The catalyst is characterized in that the active metal is supported on the nitride carrier having the high specific surface, such that the active component in the catalyst is highly dispersed. The catalyst has a high hydrothermal stability, an excellent mechanical wear resistance, a high Fischer-Tropsch synthesis activity and an excellent high-temperature stability.

Disclosed are a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst, a preparation method therefor and use thereof in a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction. Wherein the catalyst comprises: an active component, being at least one selected from VIIIB transition metals; an optional auxiliary metal; and a nitride carrier having a high specific surface area. The catalyst is characterized in that the active metal is supported on the nitride carrier having the high specific surface, such that the active component in the catalyst is highly dispersed. The catalyst has a high hydrothermal stability, an excellent mechanical wear resistance, a high Fischer-Tropsch synthesis activity and an excellent high-temperature stability.

Present invention relates to sp.sup.2 carbon nanogranules with iron incorporated in it from heavy petroleum residue of a refinery and thereby utilizing the materials for improved synthesis of light olefins (C.sub.2-C.sub.4) from syngas in a single step Fischer Tropsch synthesis to lower olefins, (FTO). The efficient iron incorporated carbon nanogranules derived from low value heavy petroleum residue are very attractive as catalytic system for direct synthesis of light olefin (C.sub.2-C.sub.4) from syngas at CO conversion up to 30%.

Present invention relates to sp.sup.2 carbon nanogranules with iron incorporated in it from heavy petroleum residue of a refinery and thereby utilizing the materials for improved synthesis of light olefins (C.sub.2-C.sub.4) from syngas in a single step Fischer Tropsch synthesis to lower olefins, (FTO). The efficient iron incorporated carbon nanogranules derived from low value heavy petroleum residue are very attractive as catalytic system for direct synthesis of light olefin (C.sub.2-C.sub.4) from syngas at CO conversion up to 30%.

A catalyst includes a derivative of an iron-containing clay which includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of a nickel-iron bimetallic structure according to XRD and a nickel-iron bimetallic oxide structure according to XRD. The catalyst can be used in various reactions, such as carbon dioxide methanation and dry reforming of methane and carbon dioxide to produce syngas.

Present invention relates to sp.sup.2 carbon nanogranules with iron incorporated in it from heavy petroleum residue of a refinery and thereby utilizing the materials for improved synthesis of light olefins (C.sub.2-C.sub.4) from syngas in a single step Fischer Tropsch synthesis to lower olefins, (FTO). The efficient iron incorporated carbon nanogranules derived from low value heavy petroleum residue are very attractive as catalytic system for direct synthesis of light olefin (C.sub.2-C.sub.4) from syngas at CO conversion up to 30%.

Present invention relates to sp.sup.2 carbon nanogranules with iron incorporated in it from heavy petroleum residue of a refinery and thereby utilizing the materials for improved synthesis of light olefins (C.sub.2-C.sub.4) from syngas in a single step Fischer Tropsch synthesis to lower olefins, (FTO). The efficient iron incorporated carbon nanogranules derived from low value heavy petroleum residue are very attractive as catalytic system for direct synthesis of light olefin (C.sub.2-C.sub.4) from syngas at CO conversion up to 30%.

Disclosed are heterostructured silica catalysts (modified Haider heterostructured silica) and methods of their use and preparation. The hetero structured silica catalysts include a transition metal, an alkaline earth metal oxide, and silica, wherein the transition metal, the alkaline earth metal from the metal oxide thereof, and silicon (Si) from silica are each present in the crystal lattice structure of the catalyst. The catalyst can have application in, e.g., the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide.

A method and an apparatus for producing a chemical compound from biomass based raw material. The bio-mass based raw material is gasified in a gasification device for forming a gasification gas, the gasification gas is treated in the reactor which includes at least one catalyst layer including Fe-based catalyst for forming a hydrocarbon composition, at least one hydrocarbon fraction including olefins is recovered from the hydrocarbon composition, and a chemical compound is formed from the hydrocarbon fraction. Further, the invention relates to the produced chemical compound.