The present disclosure provides methods and materials for oligomerization of lower olefins (e.g., C.sub.2-C.sub.8) to transportations fuels including diesel and/or jet fuel. The oligomerization employs, in certain embodiments, tungstated zirconium catalysts. Surprisingly, the oligomerizations proceed smoothly in high yields and exhibit little to no sensitivity to the presence of significant amounts of oxygenates (e.g., water, lower alcohols such as C.sub.2-C.sub.8 alcohols) in the feed stream. Accordingly, the present disclosure is uniquely suited to the production of fuels derived from bio-based alcohols, wherein olefins produced from such bio-based alcohols typically contain high levels of oxygenates.

The present invention relates to a reactor for non-oxidative direct conversion of methane and a method of manufacturing ethylene and an aromatic compound using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a reactor for non-oxidative direct conversion of methane in which a catalytic reaction velocity is maximized, the production of coke is minimized, and a high conversion rate of methane and a high yield of ethylene and an aromatic compound are ensured when ethylene and the aromatic compound are manufactured from methane, and a method of manufacturing ethylene and an aromatic compound using the same.

A process of producing 1,3-butadiene includes: a first step of obtaining gases containing 1,3-butadiene by an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction of a raw material gas with a molecular oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a metal oxide catalyst, the raw material gas containing 1-butene and 2-butene and having a proportion of 2-butene to a sum of 1-butene and 2-butene, which is defined as 100% by volume, being not less than 50% by volume; a second step of cooling the produced gases obtained in the first step; and a third step of separating the produced gases having undergone the second step into molecular oxygen and inert gases and other gases containing 1,3-butadiene by selective absorption to an absorbing solvent, wherein the concentration of methyl vinyl ketone in the produced gases having been cooled in the second step is 0% by volume or more and not more than 0.03% by volume.

The present disclosure relates to a process for the hydrodeoxygenation of vegetable oils or animal fats to produce green diesel, which comprises contacting the vegetable oil or animal fat with a Nickel-Molybdenum or Cobalt-Molybdenum catalyst supported on alumina-titania or titania, respectively; in a fixed bed reactor in the presence of hydrogen. The process involves hydrocracking, hydrogenation, decarboxylation, decarbonylation, carried out in a fixed bed reactor at temperature of about 270 C. to about 360 C., pressure of about 40 kg.sub.f/cm.sup.2 to about 60 kg.sub.f/cm.sup.2, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) between about 0.8 h.sup.1 to about 3.0 h.sup.1, and H.sub.2/oil ratio of about 2,700 ft.sup.3/bbl to about 7,000 ft.sup.3/bbl, that allows to obtain a conversion up to 99% and up to 92.7% yield on green diesel.

The present invention relates to a reactor for non-oxidative direct conversion of methane and a method of manufacturing ethylene and an aromatic compound using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a reactor for non-oxidative direct conversion of methane in which a catalytic reaction velocity is maximized, the production of coke is minimized, and a high conversion rate of methane and a high yield of ethylene and an aromatic compound are ensured when ethylene and the aromatic compound are manufactured from methane, and a method of manufacturing ethylene and an aromatic compound using the same.

Paraffin compositions including mainly even carbon number paraffins, and a method for manufacturing the same, is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the method involves contacting naturally occurring fatty acid/glycerides with hydrogen in a slurry bubble column reactor containing bimetallic catalysts with equivalent particle diameters from about 10 to about 400 micron. The even carbon number compositions are particularly useful as phase change material.

The present invention relates generally to methods for producing renewable detergent compounds. More specifically, the invention relates to methods for producing detergent intermediates, including bio-linear alkylbenzene (LAB), bio-alcohols, and long chain bio-paraffins, from natural oils.

A novel catalyst composition and its use in the dehydrogenation of alkanes to olefins. The catalyst comprises a Group VIII noble metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, iron, cobalt, and combinations thereof, and a metal selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, indium, phosphorous, zinc, and combinations thereof, on a support. The catalyst composition is an active and selective catalyst for the catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes to olefins.

The present invention relates to the use of adsorbents comprising zinc oxide nanowires decorated with catalytically active metal particles for the removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon feedstocks, including the desulfurization of diesel fuels and the deep desulfurization of natural gas, and to the use of decorated zinc oxide nanowire adsorbents for the hydrogenation of naphthalene selectively to tetralin in the presence of sulfur compounds. The adsorbent comprises nickel metal particles or nickel-zinc alloy particles deposited on zinc oxide nanowires.

Paraffin compositions including mainly even carbon number paraffins, and a method for manufacturing the same, is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the method involves contacting naturally occurring fatty acid/glycerides with hydrogen in a slurry bubble column reactor containing bimetallic catalysts with equivalent particle diameters from about 10 to about 400 micron. The even carbon number compositions are particularly useful as phase change material.