Methods, compounds and compositions for treating and preventing dermatological disorders and ocular irritancy are disclosed. The compounds and compositions comprise a functionalized 1,3-benzene diol, such as 5-(2-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)ethyl)-2-((1R,6R)-3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-2-enyl)benzene-1,3-diol and ethyl 3-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-((1R,6R)-3-methyl-6-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-2-enyl)benzyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate.

The disclosure provides ionizable amine lipids and salts thereof (e.g., pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof) useful for the delivery of biologically active agents, for example delivering biologically active agents to cells to prepare engineered cells. The ionizable amine lipids disclosed herein are useful as ionizable lipids in the formulation of lipid nanoparticle-based compositions.

The object of the present invention is to provide 1-(1-tert-butoxycarbonyl piperidylacetyl)-4-mesyloxypiperidine having a low content of impurities

The object can be solved by a method for preparing 1-(1-benzyl piperidylacetyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine, comprising the steps of: (1) reductively reacting 1-benzyl-4-piperidylidene acetic acid ethyl ester represented by the formula [1]:

##STR00001##

to obtain 1-benzyl-4-piperidyl acetic acid ethyl ester represented by the formula [2]:

##STR00002##

(2) adding an ammonium chloride aqueous solution and an organic solvent to the liquid containing 1-benzyl-4-piperidyl acetic acid ethyl ester, mixing the whole, and separating into an organic layer and an aqueous layer, (3) collecting 1-benzyl-4-piperidyl acetic acid ethyl ester from the organic layer, and (4) reacting the obtained 1-benzyl-4-piperidyl acetic acid ethyl ester with 4-hydroxypiperidine represented by the formula [3]:

##STR00003##

in the presence of base, to obtain 1-(1-benzyl-4-piperidylacetyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine represented by the formula [4]:

##STR00004##

The object of the present invention is to provide 1-(1-tert-butoxycarbonyl piperidylacetyl)-4-mesyloxypiperidine having a low content of impurities

The object can be solved by a method for preparing 1-(1-benzyl piperidylacetyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine, comprising the steps of: (1) reductively reacting 1-benzyl-4-piperidylidene acetic acid ethyl ester represented by the formula [1]:

##STR00001##

to obtain 1-benzyl-4-piperidyl acetic acid ethyl ester represented by the formula [2]:

##STR00002##

(2) adding an ammonium chloride aqueous solution and an organic solvent to the liquid containing 1-benzyl-4-piperidyl acetic acid ethyl ester, mixing the whole, and separating into an organic layer and an aqueous layer, (3) collecting 1-benzyl-4-piperidyl acetic acid ethyl ester from the organic layer, and (4) reacting the obtained 1-benzyl-4-piperidyl acetic acid ethyl ester with 4-hydroxypiperidine represented by the formula [3]:

##STR00003##

in the presence of base, to obtain 1-(1-benzyl-4-piperidylacetyl)-4-hydroxypiperidine represented by the formula [4]:

##STR00004##

The present disclosure relates to compounds, compositions and methods for inhibiting choline metabolism, e.g., conversion of choline to trimethylamine. Disclosed herein are compounds, compositions, and methods for inhibiting choline metabolism, e.g., conversion of choline to TMA. Also disclosed herein are compounds, methods and compositions for inhibiting choline metabolism by gut microbiota resulting in reduction in the formation of trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO).

The invention provides substituted, saturated and unsaturated N-heterocyclic carboxamides and related compounds, compositions containing such compounds, medical kits, and methods for using such compounds and compositions to treat medical disorders, e.g., cancer, lysosomal storage disorder, neurodegenerative disorder, inflammatory disorder, in a patient.

Methods are provided for modulating MRGPR X4 generally, or for treating a MRGPR X4 dependent condition more specifically, by contacting the MRGPR X4 or administering to a subject in need thereof, respectively, an effective amount of a compound having the structure of Formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a pharmaceutically acceptable isomer, racemate, hydrate, solvate, isotope, or salt thereof, wherein n, x, A, Q.sub.1, Q.sub.2, Z, R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, as well as to compounds themselves, are also provided.

A heterocyclic compound represented by formula XI, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a solvate, or a solvate of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, use thereof, and a composition containing the same. The compound is novel in structure and has good STAT5 inhibitory activity.

##STR00001##

A heterocyclic compound represented by formula XI, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a solvate, or a solvate of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, use thereof, and a composition containing the same. The compound is novel in structure and has good STAT5 inhibitory activity.

##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides novel crystalline forms of a compound that acts as an ALDH2 effector, processes for preparing the crystalline forms of the compound with or without coformer, and uses thereof.