A novel process for the preparation of lactone derivatives, and intermediates thereof is described. The lactone derivatives are important precursors for the synthesis of anti-hepatitis C virus agents, including sofosbuvir.

A novel process for the preparation of lactone derivatives, and intermediates thereof is described. The lactone derivatives are important precursors for the synthesis of anti-hepatitis C virus agents, including sofosbuvir.

Compounds represented by formulae I, II, III, and IV including pro-drugs for treprostinil and prostacyclin analogs. Uses include treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The structures of the compounds can be adapted to the particular application for a suitable treatment dosage. Transdermal applications can be used.

Compounds represented by formulae I, II, III, and IV including pro-drugs for treprostinil and prostacyclin analogs. Uses include treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH) or pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The structures of the compounds can be adapted to the particular application for a suitable treatment dosage. Transdermal applications can be used.

This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One).

##STR00001##

This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One).

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a compound of formula III, wherein, R is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, and substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, preferably isopropyl; and two Ar groups may be the same or different, and are each independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups, preferably substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, such as p-methoxyphenyl and the like, wherein the compound is preferably in a solid form.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a compound of formula III, wherein, R is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, and substituted or unsubstituted benzyl, preferably isopropyl; and two Ar groups may be the same or different, and are each independently selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups, preferably substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, such as p-methoxyphenyl and the like, wherein the compound is preferably in a solid form.

##STR00001##

This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One). ##STR00001##

This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (Formula One). ##STR00001##