Bisaminoalkoxysilanes of Formula I, and methods using same, are described herein:
R.sup.1Si(NR.sup.2R.sup.3)(NR.sup.4R.sup.5)OR.sup.6I
where R.sup.1 is selected from hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 linear alkyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 branched alkyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 cyclic alkyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 alkenyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 alkynyl group, a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 aromatic hydrocarbon group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, and R.sup.5 are each independently selected from hydrogen, a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 branched alkyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 cyclic alkyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 alkenyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 aromatic hydrocarbon group; R.sup.6 is selected from a C.sub.1 to C.sub.10 linear alkyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 branched alkyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 cyclic alkyl group, a C.sub.3 to C.sub.10 alkenyl group, a C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 alkynyl group, and a C.sub.4 to C.sub.10 aromatic hydrocarbon group.

One-pot synthetic methods are disclosed for synthesizing curable, antimicrobial silsesquioxane-silica hybrids by hydrolytically co-condensing a tetraalkoxysilane with two different trialkoxysilanes. Particles are also disclosed that are substantially spherical and have an ordered lamellar internal structure. In addition, polymers prepared from the curable, antimicrobial silsesquioxane-silica hybrids and co-monomers are disclosed.

The mechanochemically functionalizing silicon nanoparticles and the functionalized silicon nanoparticles are described. The processes include applying shear forces to silicon metal the presence of an alkane and thereby functionalizing the silicon with an alkyl-functionalization. The resulting product includes a plurality of silicon nanoparticles each carrying an alkyl-functionalization derived from an alkane.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel stereoselective method for preparing a cyclic dinucleotide derivative and a production intermediate therefor, which can be used for an antibody-immunostimulant conjugate. Also provided is a method for producing a cyclic dinucleotide-linker and an antibody-immunostimulant conjugate while using the above production method. Further provided is a method for preparing a cyclic dinucleotide derivative, the method including the step of subjecting a compound (I) and a compound (IV) to stereoselective condensation using an optically active phosphitylating agent (Rc-II) or (Sc-II).

An intermediate compound is prepared and used for the synthesis of halichondrin B, eribulin or an analog thereof, particularly a structural fragment C27-C35 thereof. The starting materials of the synthetic route are readily available, and the optical purity of the starting materials can be ensured, so that the optical purity of the structural fragment C27-C35 in halichondrin B, eribulin or the analog thereof is ensured. Steps for constructing a chiral center of the structural fragment C27-C35 feature higher diastereoselectivity and yield, in particular preparation methods of compounds of formulae (X), (XI), (XVI) and (XV). By-products of partial reactions can be removed only by recrystallization, which results in easy purification and significant reduce in cost.

A method of forming a particle includes, in a disperse phase within an aqueous suspension, polymerizing a plurality of mer units of a hydrophilic monomer having a hydrophobic protection group, thereby forming a polymeric particle including a plurality of the hydrophobic protection groups. The method further includes converting the polymeric particle to a hydrophilic particle.

What are presented and described are a curing agent for silicone rubber compounds comprising a compound having the general structural formula R.sup.1.sub.mSi(R).sub.4-m, a process for preparation thereof and the use of this curing agent for hardening a silicone rubber compound. The invention further relates to a composition comprising the curing agent for silicone rubber compounds and to the use of such a composition as sealant, adhesive or coating composition.

The invention relates to silane compounds having the general formula (I): SiR.sup.1.sub.n(R.sup.2).sub.4-n (I), as defined herein, to a method for preparing the silane compounds and use thereof as crosslinker or as adhesion promoter and to a curable composition comprising a reaction product of the at least one silane compound, at least one polyorganosiloxane, and at least one catalyst, and use thereof.

The invention relates to perfluoroalkyl group-containing bismuth compounds as Lewis acid catalysts, to specific compounds, and to the method for the production thereof.

One or more techniques are disclosed for a method for functionalized a graphitic material comprising the steps of: 1) providing a graphitic material; 2) providing a first molecule comprising a first group, a spacer, and a second group; 3) providing a second molecule comprising a third group, a spacer, and a fourth group, wherein the third group is a different group from the first group; and 4) bonding the first molecule and the second molecule to the graphitic material. Also disclosed is a tunable material composition comprising the functionalized carbon nanotubes or functionalized graphene prepared by the methods described herein.