A preparation method of functional silanes comprises: substance A and substance B are added in a three-necked bottle and a certain amount of solvent is added; the resultant mixture is stirred for 0.5-24 h in the presence of catalyst under an atmosphere of argon, resulting in the crude product; after removing the remaining solvent and catalyst, the residual product is purified by chromatographic column to obtain functional silanes; the substance A is an alkene-containing silane and the substance B is an alcohol; functional silanes with various structures can be prepared, and their structures can be controlled by regulating the ratio of substance A and substance B, thereby providing ideas for the preparation of different silanes and the structural design of silane coupling agents.

A process for preparing a cyclic polysiloxazane is disclosed. The cyclic polysiloxazane may optionally be converted to an a-alkoxy-ou-amino-functional polysiloxane. The cyclic polysiloxazane or the a-alkoxy-oo-amino-functional polysiloxane, may be used as a capping agent for a silanol-functional polyorganosiloxane in a process to make an amino-functional polyorganosiloxane.

A composition, and chemical vapor deposition method, is provided for producing a dielectric film. A gaseous reagent including the composition is introduced into the reaction chamber in which a substrate is provided. The gaseous reagent includes a silicon precursor that includes a silicon compound according to Formula I as defined herein. Energy is applied to the gaseous reagents in the reaction chamber to induce reaction of the gaseous reagents and to thereby deposit a film on the substrate. The film as deposited is suitable for its intended use without an optional additional cure step applied to the as-deposited film. A method for making the composition is also disclosed.

Provided are a fluorine-containing ether compound that can form a surface layer that excels in durability and a method of manufacturing the same, a fluorine-containing ether composition and a coating liquid, and an article having a surface layer that excels in durability and a method of manufacturing the same. A fluorine-containing ether compound is expressed by the following formula (A1) or (A2):

{R.sup.fO—(R.sup.f1O).sub.m1—(R.sup.1).sub.m2—(CHF).sub.m3—O—(CHF).sub.m4}.sub.n1-Q.sup.1(-T.sup.1).sub.n2   Formula (A1)

(T.sup.2).sub.n3-Q.sup.2-(CHF).sub.m5—O—(CHF).sub.m6—(R.sup.2).sub.m7—O—(R.sup.f2O).sub.m8—(R.sup.3).sub.m9—(CHF).sub.m10—O—(CHF).sub.m11-Q.sup.3(-T.sup.3).sub.n4  Formula (A2), in the above, the symbols in the formulas are as described in the specification.

A photochemical method for chemical modification of a hydrophilic material to provide the surface of the material with hydrophobic properties. The method comprises functionalizing the surface to provide an amine group thereon, and then functionalizing the surface photo-catalytically to provide perfluoroalkanamide thereon. Alternatively, the method comprises reacting a silane moiety functional group on the surface of the material with a perfluoroalkylhalide in the presence of a photo-catalyst and light.

A cyclic aminoorganoxysilane compound having the following general formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.6 to R.sup.8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 each independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms optionally containing a heteroatom, m is 0, 1 or 2 and n is 0 or 1.

A mixture M includes at least one compound A selected from (a1) a compound of the general formula (I): R.sup.1R.sup.2R.sup.3Si—H, and/or (a2) a compound of the general formula (I′): (SiO.sub.4/2).sub.a(R.sup.xSiO.sub.3/2).sub.b(HSiO.sub.3/2).sub.b′(R.sup.x.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2).sub.c(R.sup.xHSiO.sub.2/2).sub.c′(H.sub.2SiO.sub.2/2).sub.c″(R.sup.x.sub.3SiO.sub.1/2).sub.d(HR.sup.x.sub.2SiO.sub.1/2).sub.d′(H.sub.2R.sup.xSiO.sub.1/2).sub.d″(H.sub.3SiO.sub.1/2).sub.d′″, and at least one compound B selected from (b1) a compound of the general formula (II): R.sup.4R.sup.5R.sup.6Si—O—R.sup.7, and/or (b2) a compound of the general formula (II′): R.sup.x.sub.3Si—O[—SiR.sup.x.sub.2—O].sub.m—[Si(OR.sup.7.sub.3)R.sup.x—O].sub.n—SiR.sup.x.sub.3, and at least one compound C selected from the cationic germanium(II) compound of the general formula (III): ([Ge(II)Cp].sup.+).sub.aX.sup.a−.

A method for the preparation of isocyanates in which: (i) a first organosilicon compound having at least one silicon atom Si.sup.1 and a unit of formula G-I bound thereto

##STR00001##

is converted to a third organosilicon compound having a unit of formula G-II

##STR00002##

by silylation of the NH group of the unit of formula G-I with a second organosilicon compound having one silicon atom Si.sup.2; and (ii) the third organosilicon compound is reacted to an isocyanate by thermolysis, whereby the unit of formula G-II is converted to an isocyanate group.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of formula (I), which are useful intermediates in the synthesis of Upadacitinib and structurally related compounds, by using Weinreb amide (III), or an equivalent thereof, as key intermediate.

##STR00001##

A transesterification process for preparing alkoxysilane includes removal of metal transesterification catalyst from the alkoxysilane transesterification reaction medium.