Disclosed are novel phosphono-phosphate compounds, monomers, and polymer compositions that have targeted uses with divalent cations and surfaces having divalent cations. These compounds can be used to deliver actives to surfaces such as calcium hydroxyapatite.

Provided are a novel N-transfer reagent and a method for preparing the same and its application. The N-transfer reagent is represented by the following Formula (I): ##STR00001## The various novel N-transfer reagents of the present invention can be quickly prepared by employing different nitrobenzene precursors. The N-transfer reagents can directly convert a variety of amino compounds into diazo compounds under mild conditions. Particularly, the N-transfer reagents can facilitate the synthesis of the diazo compounds. The application of synthesizing diazo compounds of the present invention can greatly decrease the difficulty in operation, increase the safety during experiments, reduce the cost of production and the environmental pollution, and enhance the industrial value of diazo compounds.

Disclosed is a linoleic acid derivative of Formula (I) below including a hydrophobic part C.sub.17H.sub.31 linked to a polar head part “A”:

##STR00001## wherein the polar head part A is selected from A.sup.1 to A.sup.4 below:

##STR00002## or a pharmaceutically/food quality acceptable salt thereof.

The invention provides a new enzimatic process for the preparation of chiral carboxylic acids, their salts and acid derivatives of the general formula (I) by enzymatic hydrolysis of racemic carboxylic acid ester of the general formula (II) and optionally subsequent esterification or acylation.

The present invention discloses the preparation method of -phosphonyl-enamine derivative. The preparation method comprising the following steps: dissolving the enamine derivative, organic phosphine compound, manganese acetate and potassium carbonate in the solvent, reacting at room temperature to obtain the -phosphonyl-enamine derivative. The enamine derivative was as the starting material, and the raw materials are easy to obtain and a great many varieties. The various forms of the products obtained therein can be directly applied and can be used in further reactions. The reaction conditions are mild, the reaction speed is high, the reaction operation and the post-treatment process are simple, the production is convenient, and the method is suitable for large-scale production.

New regulator compounds for a novel polymerization process for vinyl monomers, which yields polymers with improved control over composition and nearly full to full conservation of architectural integrity up to high conversion. The regulator compounds are defined by according to anyone of the Formulas 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, 1F, 1G, 1H and 1I: ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 stands for an optionally substituted secondary or tertiary alkyl or secondary or tertiary aralkyl; Z.sup.1 stands for CN or a carboxylic acid ester of formula C(O)OR.sup.21; Z.sup.2 may be chosen from the group of CN, carboxylic acid, salts of carboxylic acids, carboxylic acid ester, carboxylic acid amides, (hetero)aryl, alkenyl and halogen; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently chosen from the group of H, alkyl, aralkyl, (hetero)aryl, CN and carboxylic acid ester of formula C(O)OR.sup.22; R.sup.7 stands for a primary alkyl or primary aralkyl, CN or hydrogen; Y stands for a bridging group and n is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; in case R.sup.1 stands for tertiary alkyl or tertiary aralkyl, R.sup.6 stands for a primary alkyl or primary aralkyl, CN or a carboxylic acid ester of formula C(O)OR.sup.26; in case R.sup.1 stands for a secondary alkyl or secondary aralkyl, R.sup.6 stands for a primary or secondary alkyl or primary or secondary aralkyl, CN, a carboxylic acid ester of formula C(O)OR.sup.26 or a phosphonic acid ester of formula P(O)(OR.sup.27).sub.2, a (hetero)aryl or an alkenyl; R.sup.21, R.sup.22, R.sup.26 and R.sup.27 each independently stand for alkyl or aralkyl having from 1-30 carbon atoms, optionally containing heteroatoms.

A limonene-based flame-retardant compound, a method of making a flame-retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that includes a limonene-based flame-retardant compound are provided. In an embodiment, the method includes forming a limonene-based derivative; forming a phosphorus-based flame-retardant molecule; reacting the limonene-based derivative with the phosphorus-based flame-retardant molecule to form a limonene-based flame-retardant compound; and forming a flame-retardant polymer from the limonene-based flame-retardant compound. In some embodiments, the limonene-based flame-retardant compound has variable functionality including vinyl, epoxide, methylene bridges, and thioethers.

Hydrocarbyl tin complexs of alkynyl phosphonic acid with antitumor activity and their preparation method are provided in present invention. Tests are conducted to evaluate activity, showing that the provided complexs have much stronger activity than cisplatin, especially for human colon cancer. The provided hydrocarbyl tin complexs can be potential candidate as a clinical antitumor drug.

Disclosed are novel conjugates and processes for the preparation thereof. A process for the preparation of alkene- or alkyne-phosohonothiolates and -phosphonates comprises the step of: reacting a compound of formula (I) with a thiol-containing molecule of formula (II) wherein represents an amino acid, a peptide, a protein, an antibody, a nucleotide, an oligonucleotide, a saccharide, a polysaccharide, a polymer, an optionally substituted C.sub.1-C.sub.8-alkyl, an optionally substituted phenyl, or an optionally substituted aromatic 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic system; resulting in a compound of formula (III).

Disclosed herein are compositions and pharmaceutical formulations that comprise a binding moiety conjugated to a modified polynucleic acid molecule and a polymer. Also described herein include methods for treating a cancer which utilize a composition or a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a binding moiety conjugated to a polynucleic acid molecule and a polymer.