Flame retardants produced by heating certain phosphonic acid salts at temperatures over 200° C. are readily compounded into high temperature polyamides that are processed at temperatures above 270° C. to provide flame retardant, high temperature polyamide compositions.

There are provided compounds of Formula I, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, used for inhibition or modulation of the activity of cyclin dependent kinases (CDK) and/or glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), for the treatment of disease states or conditions mediated by cyclin dependent kinases and/or glycogen synthase kinase-3, including cancers.

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There are provided compounds of Formula I, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, used for inhibition or modulation of the activity of cyclin dependent kinases (CDK) and/or glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), for the treatment of disease states or conditions mediated by cyclin dependent kinases and/or glycogen synthase kinase-3, including cancers. ##STR00001##

A compound has a structure of Formula (I) below, wherein E represents a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide functional group or a diphenylphosphine oxide functional group. Moreover, a method of making the compound of Formula (I), a resin composition including the compound of Formula (I) and a resin additive and an article made from the resin composition are described. The article includes a prepreg, a resin film, a laminate or a printed circuit board, wherein one or more properties including copper foil peeling strength, Z-axis ratio of thermal expansion, glass transition temperature, flame retardancy, thermal resistance after moisture absorption, dielectric constant, and dissipation factor may be improved.

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There are provided compounds of Formula I, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, used for inhibition or modulation of the activity of cyclin dependent kinases (CDK) and/or glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), for the treatment of disease states or conditions mediated by cyclin dependent kinases and/or glycogen synthase kinase-3, including cancers. ##STR00001##

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The present application relates to flame retardant compounds of Formula (I) which are derived from vanillin and which comprise a phosphorus based flame retardant. The present application also relates to methods of using compounds of Formula (I) for forming flame retardant resins, prepolymers and interpenetrating polymer network (IPNs) and to processes of their preparation. The vanillin is, for example, from a bio-based source.

A compound has a structure of Formula (I) below, wherein E represents a 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide functional group or a diphenylphosphine oxide functional group. Moreover, a method of making the compound of Formula (I), a resin composition including the compound of Formula (I) and a resin additive and an article made from the resin composition are described. The article includes a prepreg, a resin film, a laminate or a printed circuit board, wherein one or more properties including copper foil peeling strength, Z-axis ratio of thermal expansion, glass transition temperature, flame retardancy, thermal resistance after moisture absorption, dielectric constant, and dissipation factor may be improved. ##STR00001##

A phosphorus-containing silane compound has a structure of SiR.sub.1(R.sub.2).sub.n(R.sub.3).sub.3-n, wherein R.sub.1 is a phenyl group, R.sub.2 is a vinyl group, R.sub.3 each independently is a structure of Formula (I) or Formula (II), and n is 1 or 2. Moreover, a method of making the phosphorus-containing silane compound, a resin composition including the phosphorus-containing silane compound and a resin additive and an article made from the resin composition are described. The article includes a prepreg, a resin film, a laminate or a printed circuit board, wherein one or more properties including Z-axis ratio of thermal expansion, copper foil peeling strength, inner resin flow, branch-like pattern, dielectric constant, dissipation factor and flame retardancy may be improved. ##STR00001##

A composition containing a polymer material and a phosphorus-containing flame retardant based on an amino methyl bisphosphonate, a process for the production of the composition, and the use of the flame retardant as well as selected structures of the flame retardant are disclosed.

A compound of the following structure is provided:

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