The present invention relates to n-dopants for doping organic electron transport materials, wherein the n-dopants have at least one aminophosphazene group of formula 1 having 4 nitrogen atoms bonded to a phosphorus atom.

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The present invention relates to a phosphazene compound comprising cyano group having a molecular structure of Formula (I); wherein, Y and Y are independently selected from organic groups; M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 are independently selected from phosphazene groups, and M.sub.1 contains m.sub.1 phosphorus atoms, and M.sub.2 contains m.sub.2 phosphorus atoms; X.sub.1, X.sub.1, X.sub.2, X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 are independently selected from any one of the sixth main-group elements; R and R are independently selected from divalent organic groups; a is an integer greater than or equal to 0; b is an integer greater than or equal to 1; and c is an integer greater than or equal to 0; and a+b=2m.sub.1, d+2=2m.sub.2. The present invention achieves a synergistic effect with P and N of phosphazene group by introducing cyano group to the phosphazene group, and thus improves thermal stability and flame retardancy of the phosphazene compound, and the compatibility thereof with other components is excellent. The resin composition comprising the phosphazene compound of the present invention has good heat resistance, water resistance, adhesive properties and mechanical properties, and thus the application thereof is widened.

The present invention relates to a phosphazene compound and a prepreg and a composite metal laminate. The phosphazene compound has a structure as shown in Formula (I). The present invention obtains a phosphazene compound using an M group having specific components. The composite metal laminates prepared by the epoxy resin composition comprising the phosphazene compound have low dielectric properties, good heat resistance and mechanical properties and is a low dielectric material also having great economic properties and being environmental friendly.

The present invention relates to a phosphazene compound and a composite metal laminate. The phosphazene compound with a partial structure of carboxylic esters has a structure as shown in Formula (I). The present invention obtains a phosphazene compound with a partial structure of carboxylic esters using an M group having specific components. The cured products of the phosphazene compound have good flame retardancy, heat resistance, mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and low dielectric constant, and are a low dielectric flame retardant material having great economic properties and being environmental friendly.

An ionic liquid including a phosphazene compound that has a plurality of phosphorus-nitrogen units and at least one pendant group bonded to each phosphorus atom of the plurality of phosphorus-nitrogen units. One pendant group of the at least one pendant group comprises a positively charged pendant group. Additional embodiments of ionic liquids are disclosed, as are electrolyte solutions and energy storage devices including the embodiments of the ionic liquid.

The invention is directed to sulfonate esterified phosphazene compounds, which include cyclic, linear, or cross-linked, phosphazene compounds. The invention further relates to methods of preparing such sulfonate esterified phosphazene compounds and to polymer compositions comprising the phosphazene compounds. The invention also relates to articles comprising such polymer compositions and to the use of such sulfonate esterified phosphazene compounds for improving the fire retardancy properties of polymer compositions.

A compound represented by the following formula (1) is useful as a charge transporting material. R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 represent a group represented by the formula (2), R.sup.7 represents an aryl group or an aralkyl group, and R.sup.11 to R.sup.15 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent. ##STR00001##

An ion transporting solvent for use with batteries can be improved by simultaneously shortening a phosphazene compound's pendent groups, eliminating most or all of the distal ion carriers, and randomizing the solvent molecules so as to intentionally disrupt symmetry to the maximum degree possible. The combination of these strategies dramatically improves battery performance to the point where the performance recorded is comparable to batteries using conventional organic solvents.

Provided are a manufacturing method for an amino-substituted phosphazene compound including reacting a fluorinated phosphazene compound and an amine compound in presence of a compound having a fluorine trapping function; and synthesizing a compound obtained by substituting the amine compound for the fluorinated phosphazene compound, a manufacturing method for an electrolyte solution for a nonaqueous secondary battery using this, and a manufacturing method for a nonaqueous secondary battery.

Provided is a manufacturing method for an amino-substituted phosphazene compound, including: reacting a fluorinated phosphazene compound and an amine compound in presence of a catalyst consisting of a compound consisting of a specific element M below and an oxygen atom as constituent elements; and obtaining an amino-substituted phosphazene compound by substitution reaction between a fluorine atom of the fluorinated phosphazene compound and an amino group of the amine compound. Specific element M: At least one selected from magnesium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, lithium, calcium, aluminum, manganese, molybdenum, silicon, or boron.