Described herein are copolymers comprising at least one first water-soluble monomeric unit, at least one second water-soluble monomeric unit, and at least one monomeric unit containing a basic residue.

Provided is a polymer blend in granular form and a process for making the blend. The blend is suitable for use as an additive in a variety of applications, such as in detergent formulations. The blend comprises: (i) one or more first polymers each independently having a weight-average molecular weight of 35,000 to 100,000 g/mol and each independently comprising polymerized units of (a) 22 to 80 wt % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6 carboxylic acid monomers, and (b) 20 to 78 wt % of one or more C1-C12 alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers; and (ii) one or more second polymers each independently having a weight-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 45,000 g/mol and each independently comprising polymerized units of 50 to 100 wt % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6 carboxylic acid monomers, wherein component (i) comprises from 1 wt % to 50 wt % based on the total weight of (i) and (ii), wherein the polymer blend is in granular form, and wherein one or more polymers of the polymer blend is at least partially neutralized.

Provided is a polymer blend in granular form and a process for making the blend. The blend is suitable for use as an additive in a variety of applications, such as in detergent formulations. The blend comprises: (i) one or more first polymers each independently having a weight-average molecular weight of 35,000 to 100,000 g/mol and each independently comprising polymerized units of (a) 22 to 80 wt % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6 carboxylic acid monomers, and (b) 20 to 78 wt % of one or more C1-C12 alkyl (meth)acrylate monomers; and (ii) one or more second polymers each independently having a weight-average molecular weight of 1,000 to 45,000 g/mol and each independently comprising polymerized units of 50 to 100 wt % of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated C3-C6 carboxylic acid monomers, wherein component (i) comprises from 1 wt % to 50 wt % based on the total weight of (i) and (ii), wherein the polymer blend is in granular form, and wherein one or more polymers of the polymer blend is at least partially neutralized.

The present disclosure provides coating compositions and cured products formed from the coating compositions. The cured products can be formed at high cure speeds from the coating compositions and feature low Young's modulus, high tear strength, and/or high tensile toughness. The cured products can be used as primary coatings for optical fibers. The primary coatings provide good microbending performance and are resistant to defect formation during fiber coating processing and handling operations. The coating compositions include an oligomer, an alkoxylated monofunctional acrylate monomer, and preferably, an N-vinyl amide compound.

The present disclosure provides coating compositions and cured products formed from the coating compositions. The cured products can be formed at high cure speeds from the coating compositions and feature low Young's modulus, high tear strength, and/or high tensile toughness. The cured products can be used as primary coatings for optical fibers. The primary coatings provide good microbending performance and are resistant to defect formation during fiber coating processing and handling operations. The coating compositions include an oligomer, an alkoxylated monofunctional acrylate monomer, and preferably, an N-vinyl amide compound.

An alkylene oxide-modified polyfunctional (meth)acrylate is provided wherein the problems according to high crystallinity or high viscosity are improved, and the photosensitivity, etc. is enhanced. The compound has a structure represented by the following formula (I), provided that in the formula (I), R represents a substituent represented by the formula (II); AO represents one member or two or more members selected from alkylene oxide units represented by CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O, CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)O, CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O and CH.sub.2CH(C.sub.2H.sub.5)O; l indicating the average polymerization degree of the added alkylene oxide is 0<l5; the average value of m is more than 0 and 6 or less; each of the average values of n and o is from 0 to 6, the total value of m, n and o is 6, and in the formula (II), R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. ##STR00001##

The present invention provides a polymerizable composition containing a specific polymerizable compound and a fluorosurfactant having a specific polyoxyalkylene skeleton and having specific molecular weight. The invention also provides an optically anisotropic body, a retardation film, an antireflective film, and a liquid crystal display device that are produced using the polymerizable composition of the present invention. The present invention is useful because, when an optically anisotropic body is produced by photo-polymerization of the polymerizable composition, three features including the leveling properties of the surface of the optically anisotropic body, offset onto the substrate, and liquid crystal alignment can be improved simultaneously.

The present invention provides a polymerizable composition containing a specific polymerizable compound and a fluorosurfactant having a specific polyoxyalkylene skeleton and having specific molecular weight. The invention also provides an optically anisotropic body, a retardation film, an antireflective film, and a liquid crystal display device that are produced using the polymerizable composition of the present invention. The present invention is useful because, when an optically anisotropic body is produced by photo-polymerization of the polymerizable composition, three features including the leveling properties of the surface of the optically anisotropic body, offset onto the substrate, and liquid crystal alignment can be improved simultaneously.

An actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition contains a resin which has a repeating unit having an alkyleneoxy chain and a repeating unit having an aromatic group, and has a concentration of the solid content of 10% by mass or more. A pattern forming method has (i) forming an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film having a film thickness of 1 m or more on a substrate with an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing a resin which has a repeating unit having an alkyleneoxy chain.

An actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition contains a resin which has a repeating unit having an alkyleneoxy chain and a repeating unit having an aromatic group, and has a concentration of the solid content of 10% by mass or more. A pattern forming method has (i) forming an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film having a film thickness of 1 m or more on a substrate with an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition containing a resin which has a repeating unit having an alkyleneoxy chain.