Laminated parts are described that include a core, a fiber layer arranged on each side of the core and impregnated with a polyurethane resin, and an outer layer that at least partially coats at least one of the polyurethane impregnated fiber layers, in which the outer layer is the cured reaction product of a reaction mixture that includes: (1) a polyisocyanate, (2) a polyether polyol having a molecular weight of 800 Da to 25,000 Da and a functionality of 2 to 8, and (3) a fatty acid ester having isocyanate-reactive functionality. Methods of producing such laminated parts are also described.

In the composition according to the embodiment, the content of an unreacted diisocyanate monomer in a urethane-based prepolymer may be controlled to control the physical properties thereof such as gelation time. Thus, since the micropore characteristics, polishing rate, and pad cut rate of a polishing pad obtained by curing the composition according to the embodiment may be controlled, it is possible to efficiently manufacture high-quality semiconductor devices using the polishing pad.

In the composition according to the embodiment, the content of an unreacted diisocyanate monomer in a urethane-based prepolymer may be controlled to control the physical properties thereof such as gelation time. Thus, since the micropore characteristics, polishing rate, and pad cut rate of a polishing pad obtained by curing the composition according to the embodiment may be controlled, it is possible to efficiently manufacture high-quality semiconductor devices using the polishing pad.

The subject application relates to polyurethane foam and methods of forming the same. A polyurethane foam may include a polyurethane foam may include a first polyol component, a second polyol component, and a third polyol component. The first polyol component may include at least one component selected from the group of a polyether polyol and a polyester polyol. The second polyol component may include a polyether polyol. The third polyol component may include a grafted polyether polyol. The polyurethane foam may have a density of at least about 100 kg/m.sup.3 and not greater than about 800 kg/m.sup.3. The polyurethane foam may have an adjusted compression force deflection to density ratio of at least about 0.3.

Described herein is a 3D spacer fabric reinforced composite, a process for producing it, a method of using it in footwear, and a footwear including it.

Some variations provide a multiphase polymer composition comprising a first polymer material and a second polymer material that are chemically distinct, wherein the first polymer material and the second polymer material are microphase-separated on a microphase-separation length scale from about 0.1 microns to about 500 microns, wherein the multiphase polymer composition comprises first solid functional particles selectively dispersed within the first polymer material, and wherein the first solid functional particles are chemically distinct from the first polymer material and the second polymer material. Some embodiments provide an anti-corrosion composition comprising first corrosion-inhibitor particles or precursors selectively dispersed within the first polymer material, wherein the multiphase polymer composition optionally further comprises second corrosion-inhibitor particles or precursors selectively dispersed within the second polymer material. These multiphase polymer compositions may be used for other applications, such as self-cleaning, self-healing, or flame-retardant coatings. Methods of making and using these multiphase polymer compositions are disclosed.

Some variations provide a multiphase polymer composition comprising a first polymer material and a second polymer material that are chemically distinct, wherein the first polymer material and the second polymer material are microphase-separated on a microphase-separation length scale from about 0.1 microns to about 500 microns, wherein the multiphase polymer composition comprises first solid functional particles selectively dispersed within the first polymer material, and wherein the first solid functional particles are chemically distinct from the first polymer material and the second polymer material. Some embodiments provide an anti-corrosion composition comprising first corrosion-inhibitor particles or precursors selectively dispersed within the first polymer material, wherein the multiphase polymer composition optionally further comprises second corrosion-inhibitor particles or precursors selectively dispersed within the second polymer material. These multiphase polymer compositions may be used for other applications, such as self-cleaning, self-healing, or flame-retardant coatings. Methods of making and using these multiphase polymer compositions are disclosed.

A method for preparing a novel waterborne polyurethane foam layer for synthetic leather is disclosed. The method includes first preparing a charged cellulose nanofiber by using a wood pulp as a raw material; meanwhile, subjecting a polyisocyanate, a macromolecular diol, a hydrophilic chain extender and a small molecular chain extender to a polyaddition reaction and an acid-base neutralization reaction in sequence, to obtain a cationic or anionic waterborne polyurethane; adding the charged cellulose nanofiber and a certain amount of a crosslinking agent to the oppositely charged ionic waterborne polyurethane emulsion, stirring the resulting mixture, forming a bimolecular layer at the gas/liquid interface by a self-assembly of the cellulose nanofiber and waterborne polyurethane nanoparticles through electrostatic interactions to obtain a stable Pickering foam; using the stable Pickering foam as a template, drying and solidifying to obtain the waterborne polyurethane foam layer for synthetic leather.

A method for preparing a novel waterborne polyurethane foam layer for synthetic leather is disclosed. The method includes first preparing a charged cellulose nanofiber by using a wood pulp as a raw material; meanwhile, subjecting a polyisocyanate, a macromolecular diol, a hydrophilic chain extender and a small molecular chain extender to a polyaddition reaction and an acid-base neutralization reaction in sequence, to obtain a cationic or anionic waterborne polyurethane; adding the charged cellulose nanofiber and a certain amount of a crosslinking agent to the oppositely charged ionic waterborne polyurethane emulsion, stirring the resulting mixture, forming a bimolecular layer at the gas/liquid interface by a self-assembly of the cellulose nanofiber and waterborne polyurethane nanoparticles through electrostatic interactions to obtain a stable Pickering foam; using the stable Pickering foam as a template, drying and solidifying to obtain the waterborne polyurethane foam layer for synthetic leather.

A method of making polyesters and polyurethanes from biomass-derived polyols. The polyol is biomass-derived and has the structure: ##STR00001##
wherein dashed bonds are single or double bonds and R is selected from the group consisting of —OH and ═O. Polyurethanes are made by reacting the polyol with a diisocyanate. Polyesters are made by reacting the polyol with a dicarboxylic acid.