Disclosed are polyurethane-foam forming compositions, rigid polyurethane foams and methods for their production, as well as to composite articles comprising such foams sandwiched between facer substrates, including use of such composite elements for side-wall and/or roof insulating elements for refrigerated tractor trailers. The rigid polyurethane foams are produced from an isocyanate-reactive component comprising: (1) a polyol blend; (2) a halogenated hydroolefin; (3) a surfactant; (4) water; and (5) a tertiary amine catalyst composition.

The invention relates to PUR rigid foams which can be obtained by reacting an organic polyisocyanate component B) in a specified viscosity range with a hydrogen-containing component A) which is reactive to isocyanate groups, at least containing a polyol component, water, and optionally stabilizers, catalysts, and other auxiliary agents and additives, in the presence of suitable propellants and to a method for producing same, having the steps of a) providing a mold, b) introducing the foam-forming reaction mixture of component A), the polyisocyanate component B), and propellants T) into the mold, and c) foaming the reaction mixture.

The present invention provides a rapid-hardening underground pipeline grouting repair polymer and a preparing method thereof for underground pipes. The rapid-hardening underground pipeline grouting repair polymer comprises the base resin and the hardener, weight ratio of which is 2:1-1:1. The base resin comprises 50 to 160 parts by weight of an isocyanate; 20 to 100 parts of a chlorophosphate mixture with a density over 1400 kg/m.sup.3; a parts by weight ratio of the isocyanate and chlorophosphate is 1:1-4:1. The hardener comprises 30 to 60 parts by weight of a chlorophosphate mixture with a density over 1400 kg/m.sup.3, 5 to 15 parts of a propyl formate, a methyl propionate or a mixture of a propyl formate and a methyl propionate, 15 to 55 parts of a polyol, 1 to 3 parts of a surfactant, 2 to 6 parts of a catalyst, 0 to 0.5 parts of water and 0 to 1 parts of a colorant.

A composition comprising (a1) a polyether polyol, (a2) a polyolefin polyol and (a3) a polyester polyol obtainable by epoxidation of an unsaturated fatty acid ester and subsequent ring-opening reaction with a compound containing active hydrogen, can be used for the preparation of PUR foam which distinguishes by low-temperature flexibility and low dielectric loss and is suitable for filling the gap between the condenser core and the outer composite or porcelain insulator in the manufacture of resin impregnated paper (RIP) bushings.

There is described a process for producing a free-rise polyurethane foam having a density of less than or equal to about 0.75 pcf. the process comprises the steps of: (a) contacting: (i) an isocyanate, (ii) a first polyol comprising a first polymer chain consisting essentially of propylene oxide units and alkylene oxide units selected from ethylene oxide, butylene oxide and mixtures thereof in a weight ratio of propylene oxide units to alkylene oxide units in the range of from about 90:10 to about 25:75, the polymer chain being terminally capped with the ethylene oxide units, the first polyol having a primary hydroxyl content of at least about 70% based on the total hydroxyl content of the first polyol, (iii) water (iv) a surfactant and (v) a catalyst to form a foamable reaction mixture; and (b) expanding the foamable reaction mixture to produce the free-rise polyurethane foam.

Disclosed herein are polyurethane polymers comprising at least one polyisocyanate, a polysaccharide comprising: poly alpha-1,3-glucan; a poly alpha-1,3-glucan ester compound as disclosed herein; poly alpha-1,3-1,6-glucan; water-insoluble alpha-(1,3-glucan) polymer having 90% or greater alpha-1,3-glycosidic linkages, less than 1% by weight of alpha-1,3,6-glycosidic branch points, and a number average degree of polymerization in the range of from 55 to 10,000; dextran; or a poly alpha-1,3-glucan ether compound as disclosed herein; and optionally, at least one polyol. Also disclosed are polyurethane compositions comprising the polyurethane polymer and a solvent, as well as polyurethane foams, adhesives, coatings, films, and coated fibrous substrates comprising the polyurethane polymer.

A process for producing an open-cell rigid polyurethane foam involves reacting at least the components of at least one polyisocyanate, a polyol composition, and a cell opening agent. The polyol composition contains at least 30% to 75% by weight of at least one polyether polyol (b-1) having a functionality in the range of 5.0 to 7.9 and containing monomeric units derived from monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and/or sugar alcohols; >0% to 69.5% by weight of at least one polyether polyol (b-2) having an OH number in the range of >0 to 250 mg KOH/g; and at least 0.5% by weight of water. The isocyanate index is below 160 and the concentrations in % by weight for (b-1), (b-2), and water are based on the total amount of the components of the polyol composition.

Polyols are produced by an alkoxylation process in which a vegetable oil containing hydroxyl functional groups is combined with a DMC catalyst to form a mixture, the DMC catalyst is then activated by adding ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide to the vegetable oil/catalyst mixture, and ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are added to the mixture containing activated DMC catalyst in amounts such that the total of percentage of ethylene oxide in the polyol plus percentage of primary hydroxyl groups in the polyol produced is from 50 to 77% and the percentage of primary hydroxyl groups is at least 30% but less than 50%. These polyols are useful for the production of molded polyurethane foams, particularly, hot-cure molded polyurethane foams.

Polyurethane foams are described, as well as the production of such polyurethane foams by the reaction between a natural polyol, such as sucrose or a blend of mono- or disaccharides in place of the standard hydrocarbon-based polyol component, an ionic liquid or a deep eutectic solvent, a polyisocyanate and water in the presence of a suitable polyurethane forming catalyst and optionally a flame retardant, and optionally one or more components such as surfactants and/or emulsifiers. The resultant polyurethane foam can exhibit a bio-based solid content ranging from about 17% to 30%, may be formulated in a variety of foam densities for a variety of applications, and in the instance where a flame retardant has been added in an appropriate amount, exhibits a high degree of fire and burn resistance, as exhibited by the flame spread index and/or the smoke spread values.

A polyurethane composition reaction mixture including: (a) at least one organic isocyanate; and (b) at least one butylene oxide-based hydrophobic polyol; a process for making the above polyurethane composition; a polyurethane composite article composition, a process for making the above polyurethane composite article composition; and a process for making a composite article from the above polyurethane composite article composition.