Disclosed is a method for the enhancement of the transduction of a target cells by a viral vector using a cationic block-copolymer introduced as an additive alone or formulated with nanoparticles. The method includes a step of contacting a target cells with viruses and a cationic block co-polymer. The structure of this additive incorporates both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions which represents different areas in the backbone of the polymer. This polymeric construction is ended by cationic chemical functions which contribute to further enhance the viral transduction. Also disclosed are new cationic poloxamers that can be used in the disclosed method. Furthermore, another embodiment is the colloidal stabilization of iron-based nanoparticles using these polymers and their use in increasing transduction efficiency.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for inducing an adaptive immune response in a subject. In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a composition comprising a nucleoside-modified nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen, adjuvant, or a combination thereof. For example, in certain embodiments, the composition comprises a vaccine comprising a nucleoside-modified nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen, adjuvant, or a combination thereof.

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for inducing an adaptive immune response in a subject. In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a composition comprising a nucleoside-modified nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen, adjuvant, or a combination thereof. For example, in certain embodiments, the composition comprises a vaccine comprising a nucleoside-modified nucleic acid molecule encoding an antigen, adjuvant, or a combination thereof.

A novel multi-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG) (I) and preparation method thereof. Active derivatives (II) based on the multi-arm PEG. Gels formed of the active derivatives. Drug conjugates formed of the active derivatives and drug molecules and uses thereof in medical preparation. The multi-arm PEG is formed by polymerizing ethylene oxide with pentaerythritol oligomers as initiator, wherein PEG is the same or different and is a —(CH2CH2O)m-, the average value of m is an integer of 3-1000, l is an integer more than or equal to 2. An 8-arm PEG is preferred, wherein l is equal to 3. The active derivatives (II) comprise link groups X attached to PEG and active end groups F attached to X.

The instant disclosure provides (among other things) improved methods of preparing fluorenyl-based polymeric reagents, methods of recovering and purifying such polymeric reagents, methods of reducing unwanted impurities in a fluorenyl-based polymeric reagent, fluorenyl-based polymeric reagents prepared by the methods described herein, and conjugates prepared by reaction with fluorenyl-based polymeric reagents prepared by the methods described herein.

The present invention discloses a method of preparing PEGylated biomolecules having controllable binding sites, including the following steps: (1) binding a blocker to a biomolecule; (2) PEGylating the biomolecule; and (3) separating the blocker from the biomolecule. In another aspect, the present invention discloses a method for preparing PEGylated IL-2 having controllable binding sites, including the following steps: (1) binding IL-2 to an IL-2α receptor, closing the a binding site of the IL-2; (2) PEGylating, coupling PEG with the IL-2; and (3) separating the IL-2 from the IL-2α receptor. By regulating IL-2 binding sites and a PEGylation process only adding one or two polyethylene glycols, the IL-2 is caused to selectively bind to an IL-2R βγ-type receptor.

The present invention provides a raw material for bulk drugs and a pharmaceutical additive which provide excellent formulation stability and excellent over-time stability of drug efficacy when used to modify a bulk drug, a polypeptide, a bioactive protein, an enzyme, and the like. The present invention relates to a raw material for bulk drugs or a pharmaceutical additive, containing: a polyether composition (A) represented by formula (1), wherein the polyether composition (A) has a unimodal molecular weight distribution, the polyether composition (A) has a ratio (Mw/Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn) of 1.20 or less, and the polyether composition (A) contains a compound in which m is 1 in formula (1) in an amount of 90 wt % or more based on the weight of the polyether composition (A), in formula (1), OR.sup.1, R.sup.2O, R.sup.3O, and R.sup.4O are each independently a C2-C8 oxyalkylene group; when each of these moieties exists in the plural number, each OR.sup.1, each R.sup.2O, each R.sup.3O, and each R.sup.4O may be the same as or different from each other; these moieties may be bonded randomly or in block; a, b, c, and d are each independently an integer of 50 to 1200; X.sup.1 to X.sup.4 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a substituent represented by formula (2), or a substituent represented by formula (3); and m is an integer of 1 to 10.

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a composition of a polyethylene glycol maleimide derivative and a polymerization inhibitor. In particular, the present invention provides a composition of an 8-arm polyethylene glycol maleimide derivative and a phenolic polymerization inhibitor. The ingredient and content of the polymerization inhibitor in the composition are reasonably chosen, thereby significantly increasing stability of the polyethylene glycol maleimide derivative, effectively avoiding the undesirable effect of gel solidifying due to polymerization during storage and transportation, and extending a pot life and shelf life of a product thereof.

The present invention provides, among other things, methods for preparing functionalized and other polymers from polymer alcohols such as poly(ethylene glycol)s. In addition, polymer compositions, conjugates, polymeric reagents, are also provided.

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel use in which a polymer gel material having a .Math.m-scale porous structure can be suitably used.

A gel material for regenerative medicine comprising a polymer gel in which hydrophilic polymer units are crosslinked with each other, wherein the polymer gel contains water as a solvent and has a three-dimensional network structure having two regions: a first region in which the polymer units are densely present and a second region in which the polymer units are sparsely present, and a mesh size composed of the first region is the range of 1 to 500 .Math.m.