The present disclosure provides use of a soybean protein kinase gene GmSTK_IRAK and belongs to the technical field of plant genetic engineering. PCR is used to clone the soybean GmSTK_IRAK gene, a transgene and gene editing technology is used to obtain GmSTK_IRAK-over-expressing transgenic plants and GmSTK_IRAK gene-silenced transgenic plants. GmSTK_IRAK-over-expressing soybeans can greatly improve phosphorus absorption and utilization efficiency, biomass and yield, while GmSTK_IRAK gene-silenced soybeans can reduce phosphorus absorption and utilization efficiency, biomass and yield. The soybean protein kinase gene GmSTK_IRAK can be used as a target gene to be introduced into plants to regulate the balance of phosphorus metabolism in transgenic plants, and is of great significance for cultivating new soybean varieties with high phosphorus efficiency.

A method for controlling the building of architecture of gramineous crops and application thereof. The gene CYC U4;1 (Os10g41430) has a specific expression in a rice pulvinus (which is believed to have a specific expression in other gramineous crops), with a CDS sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and an encoded amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 3. Also a promoter sequence of the gene, with the sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1. Transgenic lines obtained by cloning a promoter and full-length CDS of CYC U4;1 to pCAMBIA1301 and transferring this into rice Nipponbare are all characterized by having smaller leaf-stem angles than those of wild rice, accordingly, the expression level of the gene CYC U4;1 can be increased or decreased with genetic engineering technology to control the plant architecture development, thereby improving the plant architecture and increasing the density of germplasm.

Isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides encoded thereby are described, together with the use of those products for making transgenic plants with increased tolerance to abiotic stress (e.g., high or low temperature, drought, flood).

Disclosed are rice environmental conditional-lethal mutant gene osesl1, an encoding protein and use thereof The gene osesl1 has a nucleotide sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 1 in the Sequence Listing. The encoding protein thereof has an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 2. After heading of osesl1 mutant rice, seed embryo lethal phenotype appears at 12 days after pollination, exhibiting darkening at the junction between embryo and endosperm. When an average temperature is below 22° C., a seed embryo is normal; when the average temperature is above 28° C., the seed embryo is lethal; when the temperature is between 22° C. and 28° C., the seed embryo is lethal under long daylight conditions (>13 h) and normal under short daylight conditions (<13 h). Use of the gene osesl1 in controlling seed embryo development of rice is further provided.

Provided are methods of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO:1-467, 785-3047; or an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO:468-784, 3048-4333, 4335-4682. Also provided isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs:1-467, 785-3047, which can be used to increase nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.

This disclosure provides transgenic plants having enhanced traits such as increased yield, enhanced nitrogen use efficiency and enhanced drought tolerance; propagules, progeny and field crops of such transgenic plants; and methods of making and using such transgenic plants. This disclosure also provides methods of producing hybrid seed from such transgenic plants, growing such seed and selecting progeny plants with enhanced traits. Also disclosed are transgenic plants with altered phenotypes which are useful for screening and selecting transgenic events for the desired enhanced trait.

Provided herein are methods of obtaining, producing, identifying, and the like soybean plants having a genotype associated with a large-seed phenotype as well as plants, plant cells, and plant genomes comprising a genotype associated with a large-seed phenotype.

Described herein are color-based and/or visual methods for identifying the presence of a transgene (e.g., the presence of a transgene in a cell, seed, plant part, and/or plant) along with composition, systems, and constructs relating to the same.

The present invention relates to a transcription factor gene that plays a key role in Solanaceae fruit ripening. Plants overexpressing the gene have fruits with deeper pigmentation and ripen more rapidly than controls. The invention also relates to transgenic plants comprising said gene, and methods of making said plants.

The invention provides a methods and materials for producing and selecting plants with at least one dwarfing-associated phenotype. The methods and materials relate to altering the expression, or activity, of an ARF3 polypeptide in the plant, and selecting plants with altered the expression, or activity, of an ARF3 polypeptide. The invention also provides plants produced or selected by the methods. The methods also involve crossing plants of the invention with other plants to produce further plants with at least one dwarfing-associated phenotype.