Disclosed is a polycrystalline ceramic dielectric comprising: crystal grain bulks made of a barium titanate-based ceramic; and grain boundaries comprising interfaces between the crystal grain bulks, wherein the composition of the grain boundaries is controlled using dopants. By controlling the grain boundary composition using dopants so that the dopants are distributed across a width of 5 nm or less and using a nano-sized, fine-grained barium titanate-based ceramic precursor, the grain boundary structure within the polycrystals may maintain electroneutrality, and their ferroelectricity may be controlled, thereby allowing for smoother polarization reaction. Accordingly, the present disclosure provides polycrystalline ceramic dielectrics that have dielectric properties such as high permittivity and low dielectric losses in a wide frequency range, a small amount of reduction in electric field-dependent relative permittivity, high temperature stability, non-reducibility under a reduction sintering condition, and resulting high insulation resistance, and a preparation method therefor.

A dielectric composition includes a main ingredient having a perovskite structure represented by ABO.sub.3, where A is at least one of Ba, Sr, and Ca and B is at least one of Ti, Zr, and Hf, and a first accessory ingredient. The first accessory ingredient comprises 0.1 mole or more of a rare earth element, 0.02 mole or more of Nb, and 0.25 mole or more and 0.9 mole or less of Mg, a sum of contents of the rare earth element and Nb is 1.5 mole or less.

A ceramic electronic device includes a multilayer structure in which a plurality of dielectric layers and a plurality of internal electrode layers are alternately stacked. Each of the plurality of dielectric layers includes ceramic grains of a main component thereof expressed by (Ba.sub.1−x−yCa.sub.xSr.sub.y)(Ti.sub.1−zZr.sub.z)O.sub.3 (0<x≤0.2, 0≤y≤0.1, 0≤z≤0.1). D3<D1<D2 is satisfied when an average grain diameter of the ceramic grains of the main component of the plurality of dielectric layers in a section in which each two internal electrode layers is D1, an average grain diameter of the ceramic grains of the main component of first dielectric layers which are located at different height positions from the internal electrode layers is D2, an average grain diameter of the ceramic grains of the main component of second dielectric layers which are located at same height positions of the internal electrode layers is D3.

A ceramic electronic component includes: a body including dielectric layers and internal electrodes; and external electrodes disposed on the body and connected to the internal electrodes, wherein the dielectric layer includes a plurality of first secondary phases, the first secondary phase is a secondary phase including Ni, Mg, Al, Si, and O, and at least one of the plurality of first secondary phases has a ratio of a major axis length to a minor axis length of 4 or more.

A nanoparticle cluster reduction method yields a new composition of matter including a large percentage (e.g., 75% or higher percentage) of primary nanoparticles in the new composition of matter. The particle reduction method reduces the size of nanoparticle clusters in material of the new composition of matter, allows particle reduction of specific nanoparticle cluster sizes, and allows particle reduction to primary nanoparticles. This new composition of matter can include a high permittivity and high resistivity dielectric compound. This new composition of matter, according to certain examples, has high permittivity, high resistivity, and low leakage current. In certain examples, the new composition of matter constitutes a dielectric energy storage device that is a battery with very high energy density, high operating voltage per cell, and an extended battery life cycle. An example method can include a controlled gas evolution reaction to reduce the size of nanoparticle clusters.

Disclosed is a sintered body comprising (a) a matrix material comprising at least one selected from ZnS and ZnSe, (b) an oxide that is present in a form of islands in the matrix material, comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr and Ba, and (c) pores that are present in a form of islands in the matrix material. The sintered body has sufficient strength and an infrared stealth effect in an infrared region such as a MWIR and LWIR region.

A dielectric material which satisfies X9M characteristics and ensures operations over an extended period of time at 200° C. is provided.

A dielectric composition includes a BaTiO.sub.3-based component as a main component, a donor component including a first element and a second element each having a shorter ionic radius and greater atomic weight than Ba, and an acceptor component including at least one of Mg, Al, Mn and V. An ionic radius of the second element is greater than an ionic radius of the first element, a molar content of the second element is less than a molar content of the first element, and a molar content of the acceptor component is greater than a molar content of the donor component.

The present disclosure relates to a method for the preparation of a precursor solution for a ceramic of the BZT-aBXT type wherein X is selected from Ca, Sn, Mn and Nb and a is a molar fraction selected in the range between 0.10 and 0.90 comprising the steps of: a) dissolving at least one barium precursor compound and at least one precursor compound selected from the group consisting of a calcium precursor compound, a tin precursor compound, a manganese precursor compound and a niobium precursor compound in a linear or branched anhydrous alkyl alcohol containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and, after dissolution, dehydrating by stripping, to obtain a first solution; b) dissolving at least one zirconium precursor compound and at least one titanium precursor compound in a linear or branched anhydrous alkyl alcohol containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms in the presence of an anhydrous chelating agent to obtain a second solution; c) joining said first and second solutions in an anhydrous environment and dehydrating by stripping to obtain said precursor solution. It also relates to a precursor solution, to a method for the preparation of a film of a piezoelectric material, to a piezoelectric material and to an electronic device comprising this piezoelectric material.

A nanoparticle cluster reduction method yields a new composition of matter including a large percentage (e.g., 75% or higher percentage) of primary nanoparticles in the new composition of matter. The particle reduction method reduces the size of nanoparticle clusters in material of the new composition of matter, allows particle reduction of specific nanoparticle cluster sizes, and allows particle reduction to primary nanoparticles. This new composition of matter can include a high permittivity and high resistivity dielectric compound. This new composition of matter, according to certain examples, has high permittivity, high resistivity, and low leakage current. In certain examples, the new composition of matter constitutes a dielectric energy storage device that is a battery with very high energy density, high operating voltage per cell, and an extended battery life cycle. An example method can include a controlled gas evolution reaction to reduce the size of nanoparticle clusters.