Cross-linking agent(s), composition(s) made therefrom and use(s) thereof. For example, crosslinking agent(s) that are used to make composition(s) such as hydrogel material(s). Such materials are useful in the manufacture of biocompatible medical devices, for example, hydrogel materials having desirable physical properties for use as contact lense(s) and/or stimulating device(s).

Cross-linking agent(s), composition(s) made therefrom and use(s) thereof. For example, crosslinking agent(s) that are used to make composition(s) such as hydrogel material(s). Such materials are useful in the manufacture of biocompatible medical devices, for example, hydrogel materials having desirable physical properties for use as contact lense(s) and/or stimulating device(s).

The present invention discloses compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof:
X-A-Y-L-R(I)
which inhibit the protein(s) encoded by hepatitis B virus (HBV) or interfere with the function of the HBV life cycle of the hepatitis B virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HBV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HBV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention.

Ketamine derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are disclosed. When administered orally the ketamine derivatives provide increased bioavailability of ketamine in the systemic circulation. The ketamine derivatives can be used to treat neurological diseases, psychological diseases and pain.

The invention provides heterocyclic compounds with quaternary centers and methods of preparing compounds. Methods include the method for the preparation of a compound of Formula (II): ##STR00001##
comprising treating a compound of Formula (I): ##STR00002##
with a transition metal catalyst and under alkylation conditions as valence and stability permit.

The invention provides heterocyclic compounds with quaternary centers and methods of preparing compounds. Methods include the method for the preparation of a compound of Formula (II): ##STR00001##
comprising treating a compound of Formula (I): ##STR00002##
with a transition metal catalyst and under alkylation conditions as valence and stability permit.

The present invention relates to a bifunctional chiral organocatalytic compound having excellent enantioselectivity, a preparation method therefor, and a method for producing a non-natural gamma amino acid from a nitro compound by using the chiral organocatalytic compound. According to the present invention, the bifunctional chiral organocatalytic compound having excellent enantioselectivity can be easily synthesized, gamma-amino acids with high optical selectivity can be obtained at a high yield by an economical and convenient method using the chiral organocatalytic compound, and various (R)-configuration gamma-amino acids, which are not present in nature, can be produced with high optical purity in large quantities by using a small amount of a catalyst, and therefore, the present invention can be widely utilized in various industrial fields including the pharmaceutical industry.

The present invention relates to a compound represented by Formula 1, a method for preparing the same, and a modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a high modification ratio and including a functional group derived from the compound.

The present invention relates to a compound represented by Formula 1, a method for preparing the same, and a modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a high modification ratio and including a functional group derived from the compound.

Disclosed are compounds of Formula 1, including all stereoisomers, N-oxides, and salts thereof:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, Q.sup.1, Q.sup.2, Y.sup.1, and Y.sup.2 are as defined in the disclosure.

Also disclosed are compositions containing the compounds of Formula 1 and methods for controlling undesired vegetation comprising contacting the undesired vegetation or its environment with an effective amount of a compound or a composition of the invention.