An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated polyester film that has good adhesion to an UV-curable resin, particularly has excellent adhesion to a coating agent such as an UV-curable ink, and has an excellent property to keep the adhesion at a high level over a long period of time. A laminated polyester film comprising: a polyester film; and a coating layer on at least one surface of the polyester film, the coating layer comprising a composition containing a polyurethane resin having a carboxyl group and having an acid value of 30 to 50 mgKOH/g and a crosslinking agent having a carboxyl group and having an acid value of 30 to 50 mgKOH/g.

A thermosetting coating composition includes a hydroxyl group-containing resin (A), a blocked polyisocyanate curing agent (B), and an amine compound (C) represented by the formula (1). In the formula (1), R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group having one or more carbon atoms. The organic group may contain one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen atoms, nitrogen atoms, sulfur atoms, and halogen atoms. ##STR00001##

An example charging member has a surface layer including a binder resin, first particles, and second particles, the first and second particles being dispersed in the binder resin, the first particles include acrylic resin particles having an average particle diameter of about 16 μm to about 35 μm, and the second particles include spherical silica particles having an average particle diameter of about 3 μm to about 10 μm. The content of the first particles is in a range of about 5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight and when a mass of the first particles is M1 and a mass of the second particles M2, the condition of 0.2≤M1/(M1+M2)≤0.8 is satisfied.

The invention provides a method for producing an amidate compound, comprising reacting an imidazolium carboxylic acid salt represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are as defined in the specification, with a polyisocyanate compound represented by the following formula (2):

##STR00002##

wherein A and x are as defined in the specification, and wherein the produced amidate compound is represented by the following formula (3):

##STR00003##

wherein y, z, A, and R.sup.1 to R.sup.5 are as defined in the specification.

The present invention provides a blocked polyisocyanate composition comprising a blocked polyisocyanate compound and an amidate compound represented by the following Formula (2):

##STR00001##

wherein B, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, and R.sup.11 are as defined in the specification.

The present invention provides a blocked isocyanate composition comprising a blocked isocyanate compound in which an isocyanate group of an isocyanate compound is blocked with a fluoroalcohol compound, and at least one amidate compound represented by the following Formula (2):

##STR00001##

wherein B, G, J, R.sup.7. and R.sup.8 are as defined in the specification.

A method for deblocking a blocked isocyanate is described herein. The method includes contacting a blocked isocyanate and a halide ion source under conditions effective to provide a deblocked isocyanate. A method of making a polyurethane is also disclosed. The method of making a polyurethane includes combining a blocked isocyanate, a polyol, and a halide ion source in the presence of solvent and under conditions effective to provide the polyurethane.

To provide an antifogging agent composition having excellent sustainability of antifogging performance.

An anti fogging agent composition includes a copolymer (A), a polyfunctional blocked isocyanate compound (B), and a surfactant (C). The copolymer (A) is formed of 35 to 90 parts by weight of the monomer (A-1), 5 to 60 parts by weight of the monomer (A-2), and 5 to 30 parts by weight of the monomer (A-3) per 100 parts by weight of the copolymer (A). An NCO/OH ratio obtained by dividing an isocyanate group content (NCO) of the polyfunctional blocked isocyanate compound (B) by a hydroxyl group content (OH) of the copolymer (A) is within a range from 0.1 to 1.5. The surfactant (C) includes 1.00 to 10.0 parts by weight of the anionic surfactant (C-1) and 0.01 to 3.00 parts by weight of the cationic surfactant (C-2) per 100 parts by weight of the copolymer (A).

A modified polymer includes a diene-based polymeric chain and at least one end terminated with a blocked isocyanate group. The blocked isocyanate group may be the reaction product of an isocyanate and a blocking agent, and the blocking agent is selected, such that the modified polymer deblocks at temperatures of at least 100 C. An aqueous emulsion of the modified polymer may be provided that may be surfactant-free. The emulsion may be combined with one or more latexes to provide a treatment solution for a fabric or fiber that does not require the use of resorcinol and formaldehyde. Once treated and dried, the fabric or fiber may be used to impart tensile strength to rubber products, such as tires, air springs, flexible couplings, power transmission belts, conveyor belts, and fluid routing hoses.

A fluorine-free treating composition that includes Component A and Component B, wherein: Component (A) includes one or more polymeric compounds derived from the polymerization of at least one (meth)acrylate monomer comprising at least one hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 60 carbon atoms and at least one isocyanate-derived group, and Component (C) includes one or more polycarbodiimide compounds.