A LC lens and a liquid-crystal medium used in said LC lens, wherein the medium contains one or more compounds of each of formulae I and II

##STR00001##

A liquid crystal composition that has a positive dielectric anisotropy and a sufficiently low viscosity and that causes no display defects when used in liquid crystal display devices is provided without decreasing or increasing the refractive index anisotropy or nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature. This liquid crystal composition contains at least one compound selected from compounds represented by general formula (LC0) and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formulas (LC1) to (LC5). This liquid crystal composition can be used to provide a reliable liquid crystal display device capable of maintaining a high voltage-holding ratio at high temperatures. This liquid crystal display device is highly practical as a liquid crystal display and is effective in achieving quick response without significantly decreasing the cell gap.

A liquid-crystalline medium, preferably having a nematic phase and dielectric anisotropy of 0.5 or more, which comprises one or more compounds of formula T

##STR00001## in which

##STR00002##

denotes

##STR00003##

and the use thereof in an electro-optical display, particularly in an active-matrix display based on the IPS or FFS effect, to displays of this type which contain a liquid-crystalline medium of this type, and to the compounds of formula T and their use for the improvement of the transmission and/or response times of a liquid-crystalline medium which contains one or more additional mesogenic compounds.

The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium which comprises at least one compound of the formula I, ##STR00001## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.1* each, independently of one another, denote an alkyl or alkoxy radical having 1 to 15 C atoms, where, in addition, one or more CH.sub.2 groups in these radicals may each be replaced, independently of one another, by ##STR00002##
in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, and in which, in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen, A.sup.1 denotes ##STR00003## L.sup.1 denotes F, Cl, CF.sub.3, OCF.sub.3 or CHF.sub.2,
and to the use thereof for electro-optical purposes, in particular for shutter glasses, 3D applications, in TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, PS-FFS and PS-VA-IPS displays.

Provided is a liquid crystal compound containing 2,3,4-trisubstituted benzene, a liquid crystal composition thereof, and a liquid crystal display element or a liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal compound or the liquid crystal composition, wherein the liquid crystal composition has a lower viscosity, can achieve a quick response, and further has a moderate dielectric anisotropy , a moderate optical anisotropy n, and high stability to heat and light. The liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition has the properties of a wider nematic phase temperature range, an appropriate birefringence anisotropy, a very high electrical resistivity, a good ultraviolet resistant property, a high charge retention rate, a low vapor pressure etc., and particularly, the liquid crystal compound or the liquid crystal composition has the advantage of a high light transmittance.

A liquid crystal composition includes at least one polar compound represented by Formula (I), at least one polar compound represented by Formula (II), at least one compound represented by Formula (III), and at least one compound represented by Formula (IV), in which Formulae (I) to (IV) are as defined herein.

Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal mixture applied in light modulating devices, comprising: component A comprised of one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula (I), component B comprised of one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula (II), and component C comprised of one or more chiral compounds. Also disclosed is a light modulating device containing the liquid crystal mixture, wherein the liquid crystal mixture has higher stability of electrical performance and the light modulating device has improved optical performance. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to heteroaromatic isothiocyanates of formula N

##STR00001##

as defined in claim 1, to liquid-crystalline media comprising one or more compounds of formula N and to high-frequency components comprising these media, especially microwave components for high-frequency devices, such as devices for shifting the phase of microwaves, tunable filters, tunable metamaterial structures, and electronic beam steering antennas, e.g. phased array antennas.

The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline (LC) media and to LC displays (LCDs) containing these media, in particular to LCDs of the twisted nematic (TN) mode, preferably to displays of the LCOS (LC on silicon) mode.

The invention relates to polyfluorinated additives for use as components in liquid-crystal mixtures, to liquid-crystal mixtures which comprise these compounds, and to liquid-crystal displays based on these mixtures.