A liquid crystal medium comprising a) one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of the formula T and one or more compounds of the formula S1

##STR00001##

and an electronic component comprising said LC medium, operable in the visible (VIS), infrared (IR) or microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Also, the use of said LC medium in the IR, VIS or microwave region and to devices comprising said electronic component.

A liquid crystal composition, which is a material used for an element for electromagnetic wave signal control in a frequency range of 1 GHz to 10 THz, satisfies at least one of characteristics such as a wide temperature range of a nematic phase and a large refractive index anisotropy and a small dielectric loss tangent (tan ?) in the frequency region used for control, and has an excellent balance of characteristics, and an element containing the composition. A liquid crystal composition including: at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formula (1). For example, R.sup.1 is C1-12 alkyl; Z.sup.11 is a single bond; L.sup.11, L.sup.12, L.sup.13 and L.sup.18 are hydrogen; L.sup.17 is methyl; Y.sup.11 and Y.sup.22 are hydrogen; and a and c are respectively 0 or 1, b is 1, and a sum of a, b, and c is 2.

##STR00001##

A material used in an element for phase control of an electromagnetic wave signal having a frequency of 1 GHz to 10 THz. A liquid crystal composition containing at least one compound selected from a group of compounds represented by Formula (1), at least one compound selected from a group of compounds represented by Formula (2) and at least one compound selected from a group of compounds represented by Formula (3). In Formulae (1) to (3), R.sup.1, R.sup.21, R.sup.22, R.sup.31, and R.sup.32 may be alkyls having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; a ring A.sup.1 may be 1,4-phenylene; Z.sup.11, Z.sup.13, Z.sup.21, Z.sup.23, Z.sup.31, and Z.sup.33 may be single bonds; Z.sup.12, Z.sup.22, and Z.sup.32 may be C?C or C?CC?C; L.sup.13 to L.sup.16, L.sup.21 to L.sup.23, and L.sup.31 to L.sup.36 may be hydrogen or fluorine; Y.sup.11 and Y.sup.12 may be hydrogen or fluorine; and n.sup.1 may be 0. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds having negative dielectric anisotropy (), which is distinguished by the fact that it has a value for the ratio .sub.1/n.sup.2 in the range 6-45 with a clearing point of >60 C. and a of 2.3. Media of this type are particularly suitable for electro-optical displays having active-matrix addressing based on the ECB, PA LCD, FFS or IPS effect.

The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds having negative dielectric anisotropy (), which is distinguished by the fact that it has a value for the ratio .sub.1/n.sup.2 in the range 6-45 with a clearing point of >60 C. and a of 2.3. Media of this type are particularly suitable for electro-optical displays having active-matrix addressing based on the ECB, PA LCD, FFS or IPS effect.

A device containing a radio-frequency (RF) liquid crystal (RFLC) mixture with improved performance is disclosed. In one embodiment, the improved performance includes high RF tuning, broad thermal operating ranges and low viscosity. In one embodiment, the device comprises an antenna comprising: an antenna element array having a plurality of antenna elements and each antenna element having a liquid crystal (LC) structure, wherein the LC structure comprises a mixture of one or more of the following:

##STR00001##

laterally functionalized with one or more of at least a proton, a hydrogen (H), or a heteroatom.

The invention relates to the compounds of the formula I and to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds which contains at least one compound of the formula I ##STR00001##
in which R.sup.1, ring A.sup.1, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4, L.sup.5, L.sup.6, L.sup.7, L.sup.8, Z.sup.1 and m have the meanings indicated in claim 1 and to the use of the LC mixtures in electro-optical displays, especially for the self-aligning VA mode.

A liquid-crystalline media comprising one or more compounds of formula S

##STR00001## where the parameters have the meaning defined in claim 1, and one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds of the formula II or one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds of the formula III or one or more compounds of the formula II and one or more compounds of the formula III or one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds of the formula II and one or more compounds of the formula III:

##STR00002##

in which the parameters have the meaning indicated in claim 1, and to components comprising these media for high-frequency technology, in particular phase shifters and microwave array antennas.

The invention relates to mesogenic media comprising a first component, component A, consisting of bimesogenic compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae A-I to A-III ##STR00001## a second component, component B, consisting of nematogenic compounds, preferably selected from the group of compounds of formulae B-I to B-III ##STR00002## and a third component, component C, consisting of one or more chiral molecules, wherein the parameters have the meaning given in claim 1, to the use of mesogenic media in flexoelectric liquid crystal devices and to those devices comprising a liquid crystal medium according to the present invention.

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition comprises four compounds having different structural formulas and a chiral compound. The four compounds having different structural formulas are at least one compound selected from general formula I, at least one compound selected from general formula II, at least one compound selected from general formula III, and at least one compound selected from general formula IV, respectively. By optimizing the content of each component in the liquid crystal composition, a clearing point is improved while reducing a phase transition point of the N-TB. Also provided is a bistable liquid crystal dimming device prepared by applying the liquid crystal composition, which widens the working temperature range of the bistable liquid crystal dimming device, and improves the value of the bistable liquid crystal dimming device in practical applications.