The present disclosure relates to a rice PAL1 gene, an encoding protein and use thereof. The rice PAL1 gene has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1, and the rice PAL1 protein has the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 4. Mutation of the gene leads to reduction of rice plant height and panicle length, while decreasing the number of primary branches, secondary branches and grains per panicle. It is found that the PAL1 gene can restore a mutant panicle type to a normal phenotype. The present disclosure provides a PAL1 gene functioning as a regulator of the rice panicle length and an encoding protein thereof. A rice panicle type is an important trait influencing rice yield. Therefore, it will be desired to directionally design a plant type and improve the rice yield by regulating panicle traits of rice with the PAL1 gene.

A method of decreasing conversion of nicotine to nornicotine is provided herein. The methods includes administering at least one basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) type transcription factor inhibitor to an organism in need thereof. Also provided herein is a method of decreasing conversion of nicotine to nornicotine including mutating a bZIP type transcription factor binding site on a promoter of a nicotine N-demethylase (NND). Further provided herein is a method of decreasing conversion of nicotine to nornicotine including mutating a plant genome to knockout at least one bZIP type transcription factor.

The present specification provides for, and includes recombinant polynucleotides that encode plant-native, callus-preferred promoters operably linked to a coding region for a visual marker gene. The present specification also provides for, and includes plants comprising the recombinant nucleotides, methods to select callus comprising the disclosed recombinant nucleotides, and methods to create plants comprising the recombinant nucleotides.

The present disclosure relates to the field of plant molecular biology, more particularly to regulation of gene expression in plants.

The present invention relates to a method for manipulating the growth and/or structure of a plant, for increasing biomass. The method of the invention is achieved by increasing the expression and/or activity of PXY and/or CLE in the vascular tissue of a plant.

The present invention relates to a composition for increasing the sink strength of sink tissues, containing an inhibitor of the expression or activity of a JULGI protein or a protein having 80% or more homology with the JULGI protein; a method for increasing the sink strength of sink tissues of plants by using the composition; and a plant body of which the sink strength is increased through the method. A plant body is treated with a composition containing an inhibitor of the expression or activity of a JULGI protein or a protein having 80% or more homology with the JULGI protein, according to the present invention, such that the development of the phloem, which is an organ serving the most important role in the movement of photosynthates and eventual storage thereof in sink tissues in starch and sugar forms in plants, can be enhanced so as to increase the sink strength of sink tissues in plants, and thus the productivity of various crops including vascular plants in which JULGI is conservatively expressed can be promoted. In addition, unlike conventional methods, a method for increasing the sink strength of plants, according to the present invention, can overcome conventional limitations by being a method that produces higher value-added crops into which no exogenous gene is introduced and which are free of GMO problems.

The invention provides a methods and materials for producing and selecting plants with at least one dwarfing-associated phenotype. The methods and materials relate to altering the expression, or activity, of an ARF3 poypeptide in the plant, and selecting plants with altered the expression, or activity, of an ARF3 poypeptide. The invention also provides plants produced or selected by the methods. The methods also involve crossing plants of the invention with other plants to produce further plants with at least one dwarfing-associated phenotype.

Methods and compositions for modulating plant development are provided. Nucleotide sequences and amino acid sequences encoding Ovule Development Protein 2 (ODP2) proteins are provided. The sequences can be used in a variety of methods including modulating development, developmental pathways, altering oil content in a plant, increasing transformation efficiencies, modulating stress tolerance, and modulating the regenerative capacity of a plant. Transformed plants, plant cells, tissues, and seed are also provided.

Methods and compositions for modulating plant development are provided. Nucleotide sequences and amino acid sequences encoding Ovule Development Protein 2 (ODP2) proteins are provided. The sequences can be used in a variety of methods including modulating development, developmental pathways, altering oil content in a plant, increasing transformation efficiencies, modulating stress tolerance, and modulating the regenerative capacity of a plant. Transformed plants, plant cells, tissues, and seed are also provided.

Methods and compositions for modulating plant development are provided. Nucleotide sequences and amino acid sequences encoding Ovule Development Protein 2 (ODP2) proteins are provided. The sequences can be used in a variety of methods including modulating development, developmental pathways, altering oil content in a plant, increasing transformation efficiencies, modulating stress tolerance, and modulating the regenerative capacity of a plant. Transformed plants, plant cells, tissues, and seed are also provided.