This disclosure provides tobacco plants that exhibit altered photosynthesis as well as methods of making and using such plants.

The present invention relates to mutant gibberellin 2-oxidase (GA2ox) genes and uses thereof. In particular, the effective mutations disclosed herein can reduce GA2ox enzymatic activity to different extents, leading to various degrees of GA deficient yet beneficial agronomic traits in transgenic plants.

Provided are methods of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a polypeptide at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 2560, 2557, 184, 238, 188, 154-156, 158-161, 163-183, 185-187, 189-197, 200-237, 239-264, 266-269, 1351, 1365-1425, 1429-1457, 1459, 1461-1730, 1735, 1739-2397, 2533-2541, 2544-2556, 2558, 2559, 2561-2562 or 2563. Also provided are isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides which can be used to increase nitrogen use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency, yield, growth rate, vigor, biomass, oil content and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant of a plant.

Provided are heterologous nucleic acid constructs, vectors and methods for elevating cyclic electron transfer activity, improving carbon concentration, and enhancing carbon fixation in C3 and C4 plants, and algae, and producing biomass or other products from C3 or C4 plants, and algae, selected from among, for example, starches, oils, fatty acids, lipids, cellulose or other carbohydrates, alcohols, sugars, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, fragrance and flavoring compounds, and organic acids, as well as transgenic plants produced thereby. These methods and transgenic plants and algae encompass the expression, or overexpression, of various combinations of genes that improve carbon concentrating systems in plants and algae, such as bicarbonate transport proteins, carbonic anhydrase, light driven proton pump, cyclic electron flow regulators, etc.

The application describes producing polynucleotide variants of the AtHB 17 clade members and introducing the mutant variants into plants to improve plant traits. The mutant polynucleotides encode polypeptides that comprise mutations in the EAR motifs.

A method to improve the agronomic characteristics of plants by genetically transforming the plant with a nucleic acid sequence encoding RAMOSA1 transcription factor, where the plant is selected from the group consisting of gramineous monocotyledons of the BOP clade, monocotyledons-non-grasses and dicotyledons. In addition, sequences of DNA, cDNA, protein, cells, uses, genetic transformation method of plants and transformed plants are described.

In one aspect, a composition can include an organelle, and a nanoparticle having a zeta potential of less than −10 mV or greater than 10 mV contained within the organelle. In a preferred embodiment, the organelle can be a chloroplast and the nanoparticle can be a single-walled carbon nanotube associated with a strongly anionic or strongly cationic polymer.

The compositions and methods disclosed relate to DNA compositions, plant cells, seeds, plant parts that relate to maize plants with increased grain yield trait. Also provided are assays for detecting the presence of the maize DP-202216-6 event based on the DNA sequence of the recombinant construct inserted into the maize genome and the DNA sequences flanking the insertion site. Kits and conditions useful in conducting the assays are provided.

Mutant photosynthetic organisms having reduced chlorophyll and increased photosynthetic efficiency are provided. The mutant strains have mutated or attenuated: chloroplastic SRP54 gene and SGI1 gene; chloroplastic SRP54 gene and SGI2 gene; chloroplastic SRP54 gene, SGI1, and SGI2 genes are disclosed. The mutant photosynthetic organisms exhibit increased productivity with respect to wild-type strains. Also provided are mutant photosynthetic organisms having mutated or attenuated cytosolic SRP54 genes. Provided herein are methods of producing biomass and other products such as lipids using strains having mutations in an SRP54 gene, SGI1, SGI2 genes, a combination of SGI1/SRP54, and a combination of SGI2 and SRP54 genes. Also included are constructs and methods for attenuating or disrupting SRP54, SGI1, and SGI2 genes.

Embodiments of the present invention provide for a transgenic plan, methods of making and DNA contructs for use in the transgenic plant which transgenic plant is capable of modulating its photosynthetic antenna complex composition in response to increases or decreases in light intensity by modulation of the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b such that there is an increase in the Chl a/b ratio at high light intensity and a decrease in the Chl a/b ratio at low light intensity versus wild-type plants grown in the same conditions.