Compositions and methods are provided for agronomic trait modification of a target sequence in the genome of a plant or plant cell. The methods and compositions employ a guide RNA/Cas endonuclease system to provide an effective system for modifying or altering target sites within a genomic region of a plant, plant cell or seed to provide improvement in a desirable agronomic trait such as drought, yield, and stress tolerance. Breeding methods for selecting plants utilizing a two component RNA guide and Cas endonuclease system are also disclosed. Compositions and methods are also provided for editing a nucleotide sequence in the genome of a cell.

A soybean cultivar designated 09110424 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 09110424, to the plants of soybean cultivar 09110424, to the plant parts of soybean cultivar 09110424, and to methods for producing progeny of soybean cultivar 09110424. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 09110424. The invention also relates to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines, or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 09110424, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing cultivar 09110424 with another soybean cultivar.

Provided are a plant EPSPS mutant containing mutations L195P and S247G and an encoding gene and the use thereof, related to the field of genetic engineering technology. Comparing the plant EPSPS mutant with E. coli EPSPS, the amino acid sequence of the plant EPSPS mutant has the mutation L195P at position 195 corresponding to E. coli EPSPS and/or the mutation S247G at position 247 corresponding to E. coli EPSPS. The mutation of either of the two sites or the simultaneous mutation of the two sites can confer or improve the resistance of the plant EPSPS mutant to glyphosate. Plants or recombinant bacteria for transforming the plant EPSPS mutant can grow normally in the presence of glyphosate.

This disclosure provides purified nucleic acids and polypeptides. Also provided are transgenic plants, seeds, and plant cells containing DNA for expression of the proteins that are useful for imparting enhanced agronomic trait(s) to transgenic crop plants, methods of making such plants and methods of making agricultural commodity including seeds and hybrid seeds from such plants.

The invention provides transgenic maize event MON 87427 and plants, plant cells, seeds, plant parts, and commodity products derived from event MON 87427. The invention also provides nucleotides specific for transgenic maize event MON 87427 and plants, plant cells, seeds, plant parts, and commodity products comprising nucleotides specific for transgenic maize event MON 87427. The invention also provides methods related to transgenic maize event MON 87427 and to the Roundup® Hybridization System (RHS). The invention also provides a Relative Development Scale useful for monitoring and determining reproductive development in maize that reconciles developmental differences across various maize varieties. This is useful for determining the optimal timing of a treatment regimen in which tassel development stage is an important factor, including various methods in making hybrid seed.

Methods of modifying plants by amplifying native or introducing extrachromosomal circular plant DNA comprising one or more exogenous or endogenous genes conferring an agronomically useful trait when expressed in a plant, or disrupting the association or tethering of endogenous extrachromosomal circular plant DNA with endogenous chromosomes in a plant to change one or more plant traits.

The invention provides a plant EPSPS mutant (i.e., 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase mutant), which is derived from a plant and is mutated to have glyphosate resistance. Also provided is an encoding gene, which can encode the plant EPSPS mutant. In addition, a vector containing the encoding gene and a cell containing the vector is provided by the invention. Further, a use of the plant EPSPS mutant is provided.

The present invention provides methods for the production of viable explants from mature corn seeds, wherein the explant comprises the apical portion of the embryo axis of the corn seed. The present invention also relates to methods for producing such explants and for transforming the explants with a heterologous DNA.

The present invention discloses methods for prevention and prophylactic treatment of plant diseases by application of glyphosate to a plant in need of treatment. In certain embodiments, soybean plants in need of treatment at vegetative and reproductive growth stages prior to or subsequent to infection, may be treated with glyphosate in order to prevent infection or suppress disease development, symptomatology, and yield loss. Application of a fungicide (e.g. a strobilurin fungicide such as pyraclostrobin or picoxystrobin) together with glyphosate, is also contemplated. Soybean diseases that may be treated in this manner include Soybean Sudden Death, Brown Stem Rot, Stem Canker, and Charcoal Rot, among others.

The present invention discloses methods for prevention and prophylactic treatment of plant diseases by application of glyphosate to a plant in need of treatment. In certain embodiments, soybean plants in need of treatment at vegetative and reproductive growth stages prior to or subsequent to infection, may be treated with glyphosate in order to prevent infection or suppress disease development, symptomatology, and yield loss. Application of a fungicide (e.g. a strobilurin fungicide such as pyraclostrobin or picoxystrobin) together with glyphosate, is also contemplated. Soybean diseases that may be treated in this manner include Soybean Sudden Death, Brown Stem Rot, Stem Canker, and Charcoal Rot, among others.