Provided is a spunbond nonwoven fabric which is made of a polypropylene fiber and satisfies all of the following conditions A to E: A. the average single fiber diameter of the fiber is 6-17 m; B. the degree of crystal orientation of the fiber as obtained by wide-angle X-ray diffraction is at least 0.91; C. the crystallite size of the (110) plane of the fiber as obtained by wide angle X-ray diffraction is at least 12 nm; D. the average orientation parameter of the fiber as obtained by Raman spectroscopy is at least 8.0; and E. the complex viscosity of the spunbond nonwoven fabric at a temperature of 230 C. is 20-100 Pa.Math.sec at an angular frequency of 6.3 rad/sec.

A sheet material for extraction with excellent transparency and extraction properties, is less likely to cause powder leakage, and has high modulus and excellent machine adaptability; an extraction filter; and an extraction bag. The sheet material having a first layer of a spunbonded nonwoven fabric formed from polyester-based fibers having an average diameter of 18 to 28 m, the fabric having a basis weight of 8 to 19 g/m.sup.2; and a second layer of a meltblown nonwoven fabric formed from polyester-based fibers having an average diameter of 16 to 28 m, the fabric having a basis weight of 2 to 8 g/m.sup.2, wherein the sum of the lengths of all fibers included in 1 cm.sup.2 of the sheet material for extraction is 3.3 to 4.8 m, and the 3% modulus is 5.5 N or higher; and an extraction filter and an extraction bag formed by this sheet material for extraction.

A sheet material for extraction with excellent transparency and extraction properties, is less likely to cause powder leakage, and has high modulus and excellent machine adaptability; an extraction filter; and an extraction bag. The sheet material having a first layer of a spunbonded nonwoven fabric formed from polyester-based fibers having an average diameter of 18 to 28 m, the fabric having a basis weight of 8 to 19 g/m.sup.2; and a second layer of a meltblown nonwoven fabric formed from polyester-based fibers having an average diameter of 16 to 28 m, the fabric having a basis weight of 2 to 8 g/m.sup.2, wherein the sum of the lengths of all fibers included in 1 cm.sup.2 of the sheet material for extraction is 3.3 to 4.8 m, and the 3% modulus is 5.5 N or higher; and an extraction filter and an extraction bag formed by this sheet material for extraction.

A multi-laminar electrospun nanofiber scaffold for use in repairing a defect in a tissue substrate is provided. The scaffold includes a first layer formed by a first plurality of electrospun polymeric fibers, and a second layer formed by a second plurality of electrospun polymeric fibers. The second layer is combined with the first layer. A first portion of the scaffold includes a higher density of fibers than a second portion of the scaffold, and the first portion has a higher tensile strength than the second portion. The scaffold is configured to degrade via hydrolysis after at least one of a predetermined time or an environmental condition. The scaffold is configured to be applied to the tissue substrate containing the defect, and is sufficiently flexible to facilitate application of the scaffold to uneven surfaces of the tissue substrate, and to enable movement of the scaffold by the tissue substrate.

A multi-laminar electrospun nanofiber scaffold for use in repairing a defect in a tissue substrate is provided. The scaffold includes a first layer formed by a first plurality of electrospun polymeric fibers, and a second layer formed by a second plurality of electrospun polymeric fibers. The second layer is combined with the first layer. A first portion of the scaffold includes a higher density of fibers than a second portion of the scaffold, and the first portion has a higher tensile strength than the second portion. The scaffold is configured to degrade via hydrolysis after at least one of a predetermined time or an environmental condition. The scaffold is configured to be applied to the tissue substrate containing the defect, and is sufficiently flexible to facilitate application of the scaffold to uneven surfaces of the tissue substrate, and to enable movement of the scaffold by the tissue substrate.

Articles and methods relating to filter media are generally provided. In some embodiments, a filter media comprises a non-woven fiber web and a backer layer. The non-woven fiber web may comprise a plurality of continuous nanofibers, e.g., continuous nanofibers having an average diameter of less than or equal to 250 nm. The plurality of the nanofibers may comprise a plurality of nanoparticles at least partially embedded therein. In some embodiments, the plurality of nanoparticles makes up less than or equal to 15 wt % of the plurality of nanofibers. In some embodiments, a solidity of the non-woven fiber web is less than or equal to a solidity of the backer layer.

A long-fiber nonwoven fabric includes fibers having a birefringence (n) of more than or equal to 0.005 and less than or equal to 0.020 and an average fiber diameter of more than or equal to 30 m and less than or equal to 60 m, and has a basis weight amount of more than or equal to 50 g/m.sup.2 and less than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2, an average value of Gurley bending resistances in an MD direction and a CD direction according to JIS L1096 (2010) 8.22.1 Method A of more than or equal to 100 mg and less than or equal to 200 mg, and a value of the Gurley bending resistance in the MD direction/the Gurley bending resistance in the CD direction of less than or equal to 3.0.

A nanofiber nonwoven product is disclosed which comprises a polyamide with a relative viscosity from 2 to 330, spun into nanofibers with an average diameter of less than 1000 nanometers (1 micron). In general, the inventive products are prepared by: (a) providing a polyamide composition, wherein the polyamide has a relative viscosity from 2 to 330; (b) melt spinning the polyamide composition into a plurality of nanofibers having an average fiber diameter of less than 1 micron, followed by (c) forming the nanofibers into the product.

A nanofiber nonwoven product is disclosed which comprises a polyamide with a relative viscosity from 2 to 330, spun into nanofibers with an average diameter of less than 1000 nanometers (1 micron). In general, the inventive products are prepared by: (a) providing a polyamide composition, wherein the polyamide has a relative viscosity from 2 to 330; (b) melt spinning the polyamide composition into a plurality of nanofibers having an average fiber diameter of less than 1 micron, followed by (c) forming the nanofibers into the product.

A wound product and a method of manufacturing the wound product is provided. The wound product comprises a first layer comprising a plurality of splittable fibres. At least some of the plurality of splittable fibres are split longitudinally along at least part of their length, and at least some of the plurality of splittable fibres are entangled.