A process for preparing lactose-free skimmed, partially skimmed and whole milk is proposed in which: (1) the milk is pasteurized and skimmed; (2) the skimmed milk is hydrolyzed enzymatically by a lactase; (3) the hydrolyzed skimmed milk is microfiltrated to obtain an ultrafiltration retentate (RMF) and a microfiltration permeate (PMF); (4) the PMF is ultrafiltrated and an ultrafiltration retentate (RUF) and an ultrafiltration permeate (PUF) are obtained, 5) the PUF is nanofiltrated and a first nanofiltration retentate (RNF1) and a first nanofiltration permeate (PNF1) are obtained, 6) the PNF1 is nanofiltrated to obtain a second nanofiltration retentate (RNF2) and a second nanofiltration permeate (PNF2), and 7) final step: lactose-free milk is obtained by mixing one or more of the fractions deriving from one or more of the previous steps.

Provided is means of thickening a liquid component, wherein the thickener contains an oil and/or fat composition, the oil and/or fat composition contains an oil and/or fat component containing one or more types of XXX-type triglycerides having fatty acid residues X, each with x carbon atoms, at positions 1 to 3 of glycerin, x, the number of carbon atoms, is an integer selected from 10 to 22, and the XXX-type triglyceride is contained at 50% by mass or more relative to a content of the oil and/or fat component being 100% by mass; or the thickener, wherein the oil and/or fat composition is a powder oil and/or fat composition having a loose bulk density of 0.05 to 0.6 g/cm.sup.3, the oil and/or fat component contains a 3-type oil and/or fat, and a particle of the powder oil and/or fat composition has a plate shape.

Provided is means of thickening a liquid component, wherein the thickener contains an oil and/or fat composition, the oil and/or fat composition contains an oil and/or fat component containing one or more types of XXX-type triglycerides having fatty acid residues X, each with x carbon atoms, at positions 1 to 3 of glycerin, x, the number of carbon atoms, is an integer selected from 10 to 22, and the XXX-type triglyceride is contained at 50% by mass or more relative to a content of the oil and/or fat component being 100% by mass; or the thickener, wherein the oil and/or fat composition is a powder oil and/or fat composition having a loose bulk density of 0.05 to 0.6 g/cm.sup.3, the oil and/or fat component contains a 3-type oil and/or fat, and a particle of the powder oil and/or fat composition has a plate shape.

Disclosed herein are antimicrobial compositions that are substantially odorless. The antimicrobial compositions can comprise, for example, a first essential oil and a second essential oil, wherein the composition is substantially odorless. In some examples, the composition can further comprise a third essential oil. The compositions described herein can, for example, reduce the population of microbes, such as Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli, by 5 log or more. Also disclosed herein are beverages and food products including the compositions disclosed herein. Also disclosed herein is milk including the compositions disclosed herein. Also disclosed herein are methods for treating or preventing a microbial infection in a subject, the methods comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of any of the compositions disclosed herein. Also disclosed herein are methods for combating bovine mastitis, the methods comprising applying any of the compositions disclosed herein to cow udders.

A spray-dried composition comprising an enzyme which is a β-galactosidase having transgalactosylating activity and a maltodextrin and/or sodium chloride.

The invention provides compositions comprising bacterial strains for treating and preventing inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

The invention provides compositions comprising bacterial strains for treating and preventing inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Compositions comprising a rhodanese with a phosphate-binding motif and methods of detoxifying bacterial endotoxins with such compositions.

The present invention relates to a lactase solution comprising a lactase solution comprising less than 10 g/kg of poly and oligosaccharides, a process for the production of such a lactase solution from an untreated lactase solution, a sterilized lactase, whereby such lactose is filter sterilized in-line with the milk production process.

Described is a method for making liquid and semi-liquid fermented milk products, comprising the following steps: a) placing a milk-based mixture in a container (3); b) subjecting the basic mixture to a heating thermal treatment; c) adding lactic bacterial strains to the basic mixture according to a concentration of at least 10{circumflex over ( )}8 CFU/ml of basic mixture, and subjecting the basic mixture to which lactic bacterial strains were added to a thermal treatment for a predetermined time; d) stirring the mixture to which lactic bacterial strains were added in order to break a coagulated mass which formed in the mixture to which lactic bacterial strains were added, to make the liquid and semi-liquid milk products.