A method of reversible swelling and collapsing of the latent pores of natural fiber welded biopolymer by way of sequential solvent treatment to i) regenerate mesoporous biopolymeric structures, comprising the steps of providing a nonporous natural fiber welded biopolymer composite, submerging the nonporous composite in polar solvent, exchanging submersion solvents, typically starting from a solvent of polar identity and ending with a solvent of nonpolar identity, then removing the solvent; and ii) regenerate nonporous biopolymeric structures, comprising the steps of providing a mesoporous natural fiber welded biopolymer composite, submerging the mesoporous composite in polar solvent, then removing the solvent. A mesoporous biopolymeric structure wherein the NFW nonporous composite expresses a BET surface area change of <5 m.sup.2 g.sup.1 to >40 m.sup.2 g.sup.1. A nonporous biopolymeric structure wherein the NFW mesoporous composite expresses a BET surface area change of >40 m.sup.2 g.sup.1 to <5 m.sup.2 g.sup.1.

A method of reversible swelling and collapsing of the latent pores of natural fiber welded biopolymer by way of sequential solvent treatment to i) regenerate mesoporous biopolymeric structures, comprising the steps of providing a nonporous natural fiber welded biopolymer composite, submerging the nonporous composite in polar solvent, exchanging submersion solvents, typically starting from a solvent of polar identity and ending with a solvent of nonpolar identity, then removing the solvent; and ii) regenerate nonporous biopolymeric structures, comprising the steps of providing a mesoporous natural fiber welded biopolymer composite, submerging the mesoporous composite in polar solvent, then removing the solvent. A mesoporous biopolymeric structure wherein the NFW nonporous composite expresses a BET surface area change of <5 m.sup.2 g.sup.1 to >40 m.sup.2 g.sup.1. A nonporous biopolymeric structure wherein the NFW mesoporous composite expresses a BET surface area change of >40 m.sup.2 g.sup.1 to <5 m.sup.2 g.sup.1.

A papermaking fabric is treated by applying a nanoparticle type coating to improve their resistance to contamination by foreign matter in the papermaking system. The coating is applied during fabric manufacture and cured during heat setting. Alternatively, the coating applied or renewed by utilizing an existing shower or locating a spray boom or other suitable coating application device in the dryer section to apply the coating to the fabric in a controlled, uniform manner. Prior to application of the coating, the fabric is first thoroughly cleaned such as by showering or spraying, and then dried. Following controlled application of the coating, any excess material is removed by a suitable means, such as by vacuum, and the remaining coating on the fabric is then cured, either by utilizing the ambient heat of the dryer section or by a portable bank of heaters. In this manner, the fabric does not have to be removed from the machine in order to apply or renew the contaminant resistant coating.

An aqueous emulsion composition comprising: i) partially fluorinated copolymer; ii) one or more co-solvents; iii) one or more surfactants; and optionally iv) one or more defoamers; wherein the co-solvent comprises fatty acids, esters of fatty acids, glycerides, glycols, or mixture thereof, and is useful for providing water and oil repellency to fibrous substrates without excessive pad roller build-up during application.

An aqueous emulsion composition comprising: i) partially fluorinated copolymer; ii) one or more co-solvents; iii) one or more surfactants; and optionally iv) one or more defoamers; wherein the co-solvent comprises fatty acids, esters of fatty acids, glycerides, glycols, or mixture thereof, and is useful for providing water and oil repellency to fibrous substrates without excessive pad roller build-up during application.

The present invention relates to a method for producing modified cellulose fibers having cellulose I crystal structure, comprising: step A: introducing Substituent Group A to cellulose fibers via an ether bond in a solvent comprising water in the presence of a base, and step B: introducing Substituent Group B to cellulose fibers via an ether bond in a solvent comprising water in the presence of a base, wherein the method includes the steps A and B concurrently, or in the order of the step A and then the step B. The cellulose fibers of the present invention obtained by the method for production of the present invention have favorable dispersibility in a hydrophobic medium and a controlled increase in viscosity.

The present invention relates to a method for producing modified cellulose fibers having cellulose I crystal structure, comprising: step A: introducing Substituent Group A to cellulose fibers via an ether bond in a solvent comprising water in the presence of a base, and step B: introducing Substituent Group B to cellulose fibers via an ether bond in a solvent comprising water in the presence of a base, wherein the method includes the steps A and B concurrently, or in the order of the step A and then the step B. The cellulose fibers of the present invention obtained by the method for production of the present invention have favorable dispersibility in a hydrophobic medium and a controlled increase in viscosity.