The present invention relates to a method of dyeing using a salt mixture as an electrolyte with 0.5 to 5.00 GPL of sodium chloride or sodium sulphate and alkali agents I and II to exhaust and fix a dyestuff to a cellulose material in a reactive dyeing. In the method the cellulose fiber is treated with (i) the salt mixture with sodium chloride or sodium sulphate specifically, putting the pre-treated fiber maintained at a pH between 3 and above and an (MLR) maintained between 1:20 and 1:3 at a temperature between 20? C. and above and exhausted for between 15 minutes and above, (ii) the alkali agent I with a pH between 9.5 and above at a temperature between 30? C. and above and stained for between 20 minutes and above (iii) the alkali agent II with a pH between 10.5 and above at a temperature between 30? C. and above and stained for 40 minutes and above.

The present invention relates to a method of dyeing using a salt mixture as an electrolyte with 0.5 to 5.00 GPL of sodium chloride or sodium sulphate and alkali agents I and II to exhaust and fix a dyestuff to a cellulose material in a reactive dyeing. In the method the cellulose fiber is treated with (i) the salt mixture with sodium chloride or sodium sulphate specifically, putting the pre-treated fiber maintained at a pH between 3 and above and an (MLR) maintained between 1:20 and 1:3 at a temperature between 20? C. and above and exhausted for between 15 minutes and above, (ii) the alkali agent I with a pH between 9.5 and above at a temperature between 30? C. and above and stained for between 20 minutes and above (iii) the alkali agent II with a pH between 10.5 and above at a temperature between 30? C. and above and stained for 40 minutes and above.

The invention provides a method for the application of a bleaching agent to a substrate, the method comprising the treatment of the substrate in an aqueous system comprising a liquid bleaching agent in a closed container, the treatment being carried out at a ratio of liquor to substrate which does not exceed 3:1. Typically, the method is applied to the bleaching of textile fibres and may optionally comprise a bleaching and scouring treatment. The invention also provides a method for the removal of surplus bleaching agents following the bleaching treatment, the method comprising not more than three aqueous wash-off treatments of the substrate. In addition to facilitating the use of much reduced liquor levels, the method also allows for significant reductions to be achieved in usage levels of bleaching agents, auxiliary agents and rinsing agents, thereby reducing generation of waste liquors requiring disposal. Furthermore, treatment temperatures are also significantly lower than for prior art methods, providing yet further benefits in environmental and cost terms.

The invention provides a method for the application of a bleaching agent to a substrate, the method comprising the treatment of the substrate in an aqueous system comprising a liquid bleaching agent in a closed container, the treatment being carried out at a ratio of liquor to substrate which does not exceed 3:1. Typically, the method is applied to the bleaching of textile fibres and may optionally comprise a bleaching and scouring treatment. The invention also provides a method for the removal of surplus bleaching agents following the bleaching treatment, the method comprising not more than three aqueous wash-off treatments of the substrate. In addition to facilitating the use of much reduced liquor levels, the method also allows for significant reductions to be achieved in usage levels of bleaching agents, auxiliary agents and rinsing agents, thereby reducing generation of waste liquors requiring disposal. Furthermore, treatment temperatures are also significantly lower than for prior art methods, providing yet further benefits in environmental and cost terms.

The invention provides a method for the application of a treatment agent to a substrate, the method comprising the treatment of the pre-wetted substrate in an aqueous system comprising the solid particulate treatment agent in a closed container, the treatment being carried out at a ratio of liquor to substrate which does not exceed 2:1. Typically, the method is applied to the dyeing of textile fibres at liquor ratios of 1:1 and is carried out in the absence of additives conventionally included for the sole purpose of promoting dye uptake by controlling electrical interactions or otherwise enhancing interactions between the substrate and the treatment agent. The invention also provides a method for the removal of surplus treatment agents following application of said treatment agents to a substrate, said method comprising not more than three wash-off treatments of said substrate with water following said application. Said wash off process most particularly comprises a two-stage process comprising performing, in order, the steps of: a first wash-off of the treated substrate with water in a closed container at a ratio of water to substrate which does not exceed 5:1; and a second wash-off of the treated substrate with water in a closed container at a ratio of water to substrate which does not exceed 10:1.

The invention provides a method for the application of a treatment agent to a substrate, the method comprising the treatment of the pre-wetted substrate in an aqueous system comprising the solid particulate treatment agent in a closed container, the treatment being carried out at a ratio of liquor to substrate which does not exceed 2:1. Typically, the method is applied to the dyeing of textile fibres at liquor ratios of 1:1 and is carried out in the absence of additives conventionally included for the sole purpose of promoting dye uptake by controlling electrical interactions or otherwise enhancing interactions between the substrate and the treatment agent. The invention also provides a method for the removal of surplus treatment agents following application of said treatment agents to a substrate, said method comprising not more than three wash-off treatments of said substrate with water following said application. Said wash off process most particularly comprises a two-stage process comprising performing, in order, the steps of: a first wash-off of the treated substrate with water in a closed container at a ratio of water to substrate which does not exceed 5:1; and a second wash-off of the treated substrate with water in a closed container at a ratio of water to substrate which does not exceed 10:1.