Provided is a multi-twisted steel cord for reinforcing a rubber article, the steel cord having cord strength with a small loss as compared to the total strength of filaments constituting the cord and a high rubber penetration. The steel cord includes a plurality of twisted strands in a multi-twisted structure, each strand including a plurality of twisted filaments in two or more layers, in which at least some of the filaments have a tensile strength of 3,000 MPa or more, the steel cord satisfying a filament occupancy of 48% or more and less than 54%, a cord twist angle of 78° or more and less than 84°, an average crossing angle between adjacent filaments other than wrapping filaments of less than 17°, and a gap between adjacent sheath filaments constituting the strand of 0.065 mm or more.

A belt for suspending and/or driving an elevator system component include one or more metallic cord tension elements extending along a length of the belt, and one or more non-metallic tension elements extending along a length of the belt. Each non-metallic tension element is formed from a non-metallic material. The one or more metallic cord tension elements and the one or more non-metallic tension elements are arrayed laterally across a lateral width of the belt. The belt may be used in an elevator system including a hoistway, a drive machine having a traction sheave coupled thereto, an elevator car movable within the hoistway. The belt is operably connected to the elevator car and interactive with the traction sheave to suspend and/or drive the elevator car along the hoistway.

A plurality of belt layers 7 are superimposed in a radial direction. The belt layers 7 include a plurality of steel cords 10 arranged in parallel in a row and rubber 11. The steel cords 10 have a 1×4 structure in which four filaments 20 are twisted, and when a center-to-center distance between the steel cords 10 in at least two of the belt layers 7 adjacent in the radial direction is T, and an average diameter of virtual circumscribed circles of the steel cords 10 having the 1×4 structure is D, 1.25≤T/D≤2.25.

A plurality of belt layers 7 are superimposed in a radial direction. The belt layers 7 include a plurality of steel cords 10 arranged in parallel in a row and rubber 11. The steel cords 10 have a 1×4 structure in which four filaments 20 are twisted, and when a center-to-center distance between the steel cords 10 in at least two of the belt layers 7 adjacent in the radial direction is T, and an average diameter of virtual circumscribed circles of the steel cords 10 having the 1×4 structure is D, 1.25≤T/D≤2.25.

A longitudinal element produced with a core made of high-strength fibers and at least one metal casing, preferably steel, surrounding this core. In this way, there is the significant advantage that these high-strength fibers, which are very lightweight in relation to their strength, are protected in a number of ways, namely against humidity, moisture, UV light and other environmental influences. In addition, the metal casing provides the fibers with protection against transverse loads. In this way, all the high-strength properties of the traction or suspension means are maintained over a sustained period.

A longitudinal element produced with a core made of high-strength fibers and at least one metal casing, preferably steel, surrounding this core. In this way, there is the significant advantage that these high-strength fibers, which are very lightweight in relation to their strength, are protected in a number of ways, namely against humidity, moisture, UV light and other environmental influences. In addition, the metal casing provides the fibers with protection against transverse loads. In this way, all the high-strength properties of the traction or suspension means are maintained over a sustained period.

A multi-strand cord (50) comprises an internal layer (CI) of the cord made up of K=1 two-layer (C1, C3) internal strand (TI), with the internal layer (C1) being made up of Q internal metallic threads (F1), and the external layer (C3) being made up of N external metallic threads (F3), and an external layer (CE) of the cord made up of L>1 two-layer (C1′, C3′) external strands (TE) wound around the internal layer (CI) of the cord, with the internal layer (C1′) being made up of Q′ internal metallic threads (F1′), and the external layer (C3′) being made up of N′ external metallic threads (F3′). The cord (50) has an endurance criterion SL≤40 000 MPa.Math.mm with

[00001]$SL=\max \left(\frac{\Delta {\sigma }_{\mathrm{bending\_CI}}}{\mathrm{Cp}};\frac{\Delta {\sigma }_{\mathrm{bending\_CE}}}{C_r\times \mathrm{Cp}}\right)$

and a size criterion Ec≥0.46 with Ec=Sc/Se.

The present invention provides a metal cord having better adhesion to rubber compared to a conventional one, as well as a metal cord-rubber composite and a conveyor belt, including the same. In a metal cord (10) composed of a plurality of metal filaments (11) twisted together, the surfaces of the metal filaments (11) constituting the outermost layer are each provided with a zinc plating layer (16), and the degrees of crystal orientation of the (002) plane and the (102) plane of the surface of the zinc plating layer (16) are less than 120.

In a method of manufacturing a rubber coated twisted wire cord, when an outer circumferential surface of a twisted wire cord that is moving from an unreeling unit to a winding unit is coated with unvulcanized rubber extruded by a rubber extruder, by a coating unit disposed between the unreeling unit and a winding unit, in a state of additional tension being imparted on the moving twisted wire cord by a tension imparting unit disposed at a nearby position on an upstream side from the coating unit in a moving direction of the twisted wire cord, the unvulcanized rubber coats the outer circumferential surface of the twisted wire cord in this state to continuously manufacture a rubber coated twisted wire cord.

In a method of manufacturing a rubber coated twisted wire cord, when an outer circumferential surface of a twisted wire cord that is moving from an unreeling unit to a winding unit is coated with unvulcanized rubber extruded by a rubber extruder, by a coating unit disposed between the unreeling unit and a winding unit, in a state of additional tension being imparted on the moving twisted wire cord by a tension imparting unit disposed at a nearby position on an upstream side from the coating unit in a moving direction of the twisted wire cord, the unvulcanized rubber coats the outer circumferential surface of the twisted wire cord in this state to continuously manufacture a rubber coated twisted wire cord.