An aqueous composition comprising chitosan and fibroin nanoparticles, with a diameter equal or lower than 140 nm, and an acid agent, with pH equal or lower than 6, and viscosity equal or lower than 3.5 kg×m.sup.−1×s.sup.−1 measured at 25.0±0.1° C., kit and method for finishing and/or preservation and/or restoration and/or renovation and/or repairing and/or consolidation of manufactures, in particular ancient manufactures are disclosed.

An aqueous composition comprising chitosan and fibroin nanoparticles, with a diameter equal or lower than 140 nm, and an acid agent, with pH equal or lower than 6, and viscosity equal or lower than 3.5 kg×m.sup.−1×s.sup.−1 measured at 25.0±0.1° C., kit and method for finishing and/or preservation and/or restoration and/or renovation and/or repairing and/or consolidation of manufactures, in particular ancient manufactures are disclosed.

There is provided a method of producing a sheet comprising fibrillated cellulose, comprising the steps of: a) providing chemically modified cellulose fibres in which a chargeable moiety has been introduced and the C.sub.2-C.sub.3 bond has been broken in at least part of the D-glucose units, wherein the charge density measured according to SCAN-CM 65:02 is 150-1500 μeq/g; b) forming a fibre web by dewatering a slurry comprising the modified cellulose fibres; and c) adding a base to the fibre web so as to obtain the sheet comprising fibrillated cellulose.

There is provided a method of producing a sheet comprising fibrillated cellulose, comprising the steps of: a) providing chemically modified cellulose fibres in which a chargeable moiety has been introduced and the C.sub.2-C.sub.3 bond has been broken in at least part of the D-glucose units, wherein the charge density measured according to SCAN-CM 65:02 is 150-1500 μeq/g; b) forming a fibre web by dewatering a slurry comprising the modified cellulose fibres; and c) adding a base to the fibre web so as to obtain the sheet comprising fibrillated cellulose.

A gas diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cell and preparation method thereof are provided. The preparation method is to papermake and dry carbon fiber suspension mainly composed of a fibrous binder, water, a dispersant and carbon fibers with different aspect ratios to obtain a carbon fiber base paper, and then carbonize and graphitize under the protection of nitrogen or inert gas to obtain a gas diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cell; where the fibrous binder is a composite fiber or a blend fiber composed of a phenolic resin and other resin; where the prepared gas diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cell has a pore gradient, and the layer with the smallest pore size is an intrinsic microporous layer.

A gas diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cell and preparation method thereof are provided. The preparation method is to papermake and dry carbon fiber suspension mainly composed of a fibrous binder, water, a dispersant and carbon fibers with different aspect ratios to obtain a carbon fiber base paper, and then carbonize and graphitize under the protection of nitrogen or inert gas to obtain a gas diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cell; where the fibrous binder is a composite fiber or a blend fiber composed of a phenolic resin and other resin; where the prepared gas diffusion layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cell has a pore gradient, and the layer with the smallest pore size is an intrinsic microporous layer.

The present invention provides tissue webs and products having improved z-directional properties. The improved z-directional properties may be achieved by providing the structure with a unique three-dimensional surface topography, which increases the structure's Exponential Compression Modulus (K) and Caliper Under Load (C.sub.0). By improving both K and C.sub.0, the present inventors have also been able to provide tissue structures with relatively high Compression Energy (E), which enables the structures to be calendered at high loads without significant loss of sheet bulk or degradation of strength.

The present invention provides tissue webs and products having improved z-directional properties. The improved z-directional properties may be achieved by providing the structure with a unique three-dimensional surface topography, which increases the structure's Exponential Compression Modulus (K) and Caliper Under Load (C.sub.0). By improving both K and C.sub.0, the present inventors have also been able to provide tissue structures with relatively high Compression Energy (E), which enables the structures to be calendered at high loads without significant loss of sheet bulk or degradation of strength.

The present invention provides tissue webs and products having improved z-directional properties. The improved z-directional properties may be achieved by providing the structure with a unique three-dimensional surface topography, which increases the structure's Exponential Compression Modulus (K) and Caliper Under Load (C.sub.0). By improving both K and C.sub.0, the present inventors have also been able to provide tissue structures with relatively high Compression Energy (E), which enables the structures to be calendered at high loads without significant loss of sheet bulk or degradation of strength.

The present invention provides tissue webs and products having improved z-directional properties. The improved z-directional properties may be achieved by providing the structure with a unique three-dimensional surface topography, which increases the structure's Exponential Compression Modulus (K) and Caliper Under Load (C.sub.0). By improving both K and C.sub.0, the present inventors have also been able to provide tissue structures with relatively high Compression Energy (E), which enables the structures to be calendered at high loads without significant loss of sheet bulk or degradation of strength.