Fabrics including a single-ply yarn are described herein along with fabrics that have low picks per inch or low courses per inch. The fabrics may comprise modacrylic fibers, meta-aramid fibers, anti-static fibers, and optionally para-aramid fibers, and the fabrics may comprise: about 10% or 20% to about 60% or 80% modacrylic fibers by weight of the fabric; about 20% or 40% to about 80% meta-aramid fibers by weight of the fabric; about 0.1% to about 2% anti-static fibers by weight of the fabric; and about 0% to about 10% para-aramid fibers by weight of the fabric.

Methods for marking cellulosic products, including cellulosic fibers such as lyocell and cellulosic films, including methods for marking such products with a detectable nucleic acid marker to identify and validate the origin or authenticity of the products or items manufactured using such products. Detectably-marked cellulosic products marked with nucleic acid markers for authentication, validation and tracking are also provided.

Methods for marking cellulosic products, including cellulosic fibers such as lyocell and cellulosic films, including methods for marking such products with a detectable nucleic acid marker to identify and validate the origin or authenticity of the products or items manufactured using such products. Detectably-marked cellulosic products marked with nucleic acid markers for authentication, validation and tracking are also provided.

A method of manufacturing bulked continuous carpet filament from polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) comprises: (1) splitting the PTT stream extruded from the primary extruder into a number of polymer streams, each of the plurality of polymer streams having an associated spinning machine; (2) adding a colorant to each split polymer stream; (3) adding PET to the extruded polymer stream downstream of the primary extruder; (4) using one or more static mixing assemblies for each split polymer stream to substantially uniformly mix each split polymer stream and its respective colorant and PET; and (5) spinning each polymer stream with its substantially uniformly mixed colorant and any additives into BCF using the respective spinning machine.

A method for preparing a color masterbatch with a natural dye is disclosed. The new method uses a phase change material tetradecane as one of the solvents to extract the natural dye, the extracted natural dye as a core material, and polybutylene succinate as a wall material to microencapsulate the natural dye containing the phase change material by a solvent evaporation method to prepare natural dye microcapsules, then melt-blends with a carrier resin, extrudes and granulates to obtain the color masterbatch with the natural dye. The microencapsulation improves the thermal stability of natural dye and compatibility with carrier resin The obtained color masterbatch with natural dye has excellent heat resistance, and the fabric obtained after spinning with it has good color fastness to hot pressing.

A method for preparing a color masterbatch with a natural dye is disclosed. The new method uses a phase change material tetradecane as one of the solvents to extract the natural dye, the extracted natural dye as a core material, and polybutylene succinate as a wall material to microencapsulate the natural dye containing the phase change material by a solvent evaporation method to prepare natural dye microcapsules, then melt-blends with a carrier resin, extrudes and granulates to obtain the color masterbatch with the natural dye. The microencapsulation improves the thermal stability of natural dye and compatibility with carrier resin The obtained color masterbatch with natural dye has excellent heat resistance, and the fabric obtained after spinning with it has good color fastness to hot pressing.

The invention provides a method for modifying the color hue of already colored synthetic yarns and/or filaments in a conventional melt-spinning process, which allows correcting deviations from tolerances in the color hue by the manufacturers themselves. The method comprises storing color coordinates of a target hue; measuring color coordinates of colored yarns and filaments to be corrected; comparing the data to provide deviations beyond tolerances; preparing a correcting-liquid-masterbatch composition; converting the deviations beyond tolerances into a dose of the correcting liquid-masterbatch composition; and adding such dose to molten mass of the synthetic yarns and filaments.

The invention is also directed to a system suitable for performing the method of color hue modification and/or correction.

The invention provides a method for modifying the color hue of already colored synthetic yarns and/or filaments in a conventional melt-spinning process, which allows correcting deviations from tolerances in the color hue by the manufacturers themselves. The method comprises storing color coordinates of a target hue; measuring color coordinates of colored yarns and filaments to be corrected; comparing the data to provide deviations beyond tolerances; preparing a correcting-liquid-masterbatch composition; converting the deviations beyond tolerances into a dose of the correcting liquid-masterbatch composition; and adding such dose to molten mass of the synthetic yarns and filaments.

The invention is also directed to a system suitable for performing the method of color hue modification and/or correction.

An anti-counterfeiting yarn includes a uniformly distributed up-conversion fluorescent material and a polymer, wherein the up-conversion fluorescent material comprises a maximum weight percent of about 1.8%. A method of preparing an anti-counterfeiting yarn includes mixing functional polymer chips containing up-conversion fluorescent material with polymer chips not containing up-conversion fluorescent material in a ratio such that the fluorescent material is uniformly distributed in the mixture, melting the mixture, extruding the melt into filaments, and producing anti-counterfeiting yarn through spinning and drawing the filaments.

Fibers, especially black, brown or gray fibers, comprising IR-transparent colorants. IR-transparent colorants may be di-, tri- or polychromatic dyes or pigments, especially perylene pigments. The fibers may comprise perylene pigments which comprise one of the isomers of the formula Ia or Ib ##STR00001##
in which the R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 radicals are each independently phenylene, naphthylene or pyridylene, each of which may be mono- or polysubstituted by C.sub.1-C.sub.12-alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.6-alkoxy, hydroxy and/or halogen, or a mixture of the two isomers. Useful fiber materials include plastics or glass. The fibers find use, among other uses, in heat management or for production of textiles or fabrics.