A process is disclosed for modifying citrus fiber. Citrus fiber is obtained having a c* close packing concentration value of less than 3.8 w %, anhydrous basis. The citrus fiber can have a viscosity of at least 1000 mPa.Math.s, wherein said citrus fiber is dispersed in standardized water at a mixing speed of from 800 rpm to 1000 rpm, to a 3 w/w % citrus fiber/standardized water solution, and wherein said viscosity is measured at a shear rate of 5 s-1 at 20 C. Citrus fiber can be obtained having a CIELAB L* value of at least 90. The citrus fiber can be used in food products, feed products, beverages, personal care products, pharmaceutical products or detergent products.

A process is disclosed for modifying citrus fiber. Citrus fiber is obtained having a c* close packing concentration value of less than 3.8 w %, anhydrous basis. The citrus fiber can have a viscosity of at least 1000 mPa.Math.s, wherein said citrus fiber is dispersed in standardized water at a mixing speed of from 800 rpm to 1000 rpm, to a 3 w/w % citrus fiber/standardized water solution, and wherein said viscosity is measured at a shear rate of 5 s-1 at 20 C. Citrus fiber can be obtained having a CIELAB L* value of at least 90. The citrus fiber can be used in food products, feed products, beverages, personal care products, pharmaceutical products or detergent products.

The present invention relates to treated cellulosic fibers comprising embedded silver nanoparticles, where the cellulosic treated fiber is not a swollen cellulosic fiber. The invention includes methods for preparing such cellulosic fibers, articles comprising such cellulosic fibers, and uses for such articles. The invention further relates to methods for preparing treated swollen cellulosic fibers comprising embedded silver nanoparticles.

Solid-state branching and/or crosslinking of aliphatic polyamide or polyester articles is achieved using a topical approach. A surface of the article is coated with a composition that includes a polyene and a free radical initiator. The article and applied coating are then heated to induce branching and/or crosslinking in the polyamide or polyester. This is performed below the crystalline melting temperature of the polyamide or polyester, or in the case of a fabric, below the melting temperature of the fibers in the fabric. Fabrics treated in this manner exhibit reduced or even no dripping in vertical flame tests.

Solid-state branching and/or crosslinking of aliphatic polyamide or polyester articles is achieved using a topical approach. A surface of the article is coated with a composition that includes a polyene and a free radical initiator. The article and applied coating are then heated to induce branching and/or crosslinking in the polyamide or polyester. This is performed below the crystalline melting temperature of the polyamide or polyester, or in the case of a fabric, below the melting temperature of the fibers in the fabric. Fabrics treated in this manner exhibit reduced or even no dripping in vertical flame tests.

Composition and production methods of artificial hair (11) with natural organic material, comprising a core (12), surrounded by a mantle (9), whereby the core comprises a strong fiber with one or more filaments (13) and whereby the mantle comprises one or more layers of shellac and liquefied hydrolysed human hair, combined with crosslinkers that are attached to the core that can be composed of natural fibroin fibers or of fibers of a high performance synthetic polymer.

Composition and production methods of artificial hair (11) with natural organic material, comprising a core (12), surrounded by a mantle (9), whereby the core comprises a strong fiber with one or more filaments (13) and whereby the mantle comprises one or more layers of shellac and liquefied hydrolysed human hair, combined with crosslinkers that are attached to the core that can be composed of natural fibroin fibers or of fibers of a high performance synthetic polymer.

The present invention relates to a liquid-state temporary reinforcing material, a preparation method therefor and an application thereof. The liquid-state temporary reinforcing material comprises a reinforcing material and a crystallization inhibitor; the reinforcing material is selected from molecules of any two or more of menthol, menthone, menthol ester and menthol ether, and the content of the crystallization inhibitor is less than 50 ppm. For the liquid-state temporary reinforcing material of the present invention, the menthol and the derivatives of the liquid-state temporary reinforcing material are integrally mixed together to form the composite material for temporary reinforcing, the composite material being liquid and volatilization-controllable at room temperature. Thus, the temporary reinforcing requirements for extracting cultural relics at an archaeology excavation site may be met, and the material is convenient to use.

A semi-metal or other semiconductor material is applied to a portion of a fur, skin, or feather commodity. The material is applied in a liquid, aerosol, or adhesive formulation, such that the material is molecularly adhered to the fur, skin, or feather commodity. The material may also be applied by a laser burning or branding process. The material may be applied prior to a chemical treatment of the fur, skin, or feather commodity.

A fabric is treated by applying a nanoparticle type coating to improve their resistance to contamination by foreign matter. The coating is applied during fabric manufacture and cured during heat setting. Alternatively, the coating applied or renewed by utilizing an existing shower or locating a spray boom or other suitable coating application device to apply the coating to the fabric in a controlled, uniform manner. Prior to application of the coating, the fabric is first thoroughly cleaned such as by showering or spraying, and then dried. Following controlled application of the coating, any excess material is removed by a suitable means, such as by vacuum, and the remaining coating on the fabric is then cured, either by utilizing the ambient heat of the equipment or by a portable bank of heaters. In this manner, the fabric does not have to be removed from the machine in order to apply or renew the contaminant resistant coating.