A surfactant treatment is provided that can result in a sterilization wrap that can have a bacterial filtration efficiency of at least 94 percent as determined according to ASTM F2101. The surfactant treatment includes a surfactant consisting essentially of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Wrapping packs in a wrap treated with said surfactant treatment in an amount ranging from greater than 0 to 2 weight percent based on the dry weight of the wrap results in the production of fewer wet packs after steam sterilization compared to when packs are wrapped with an identical wrap without said surfactant treatment. A sterilization wrap comprising a nonwoven fabric and a dried residue surfactant treatment that is essentially free of silicon, potassium, phosphorus, and sulfur is also provided, where wrapping packs to be sterilized in the surfactant treated wrap reduces the occurrence of wet packs after steam sterilization compared using an untreated wrap.

Methods for impregnating a liquid material into a rope are provided whereby a liquid material is provided in a tank which defines the liquid level in the tank. An impregnation unit containing a chamber at least partially immersed in the liquid material includes a vacuum-device operatively connected to the vacuum-outlet of the chamber so as to lower the pressure in the chamber below atmospheric pressure. The rope may therefore be passed through the liquid material in the tank and then inside and outside the chamber via the rope-inlet and rope-outlet of the chamber, while maintaining the pressure inside the chamber below the atmospheric pressure to thereby force the liquid material to fill at least part of the interstices between the fibers of the rope by penetrating between the fibers.

[Problems]

An object of the present invention is to provide an electret with an initial increased electrostatic charge quantity and suppressed attenuation of electrostatic charge to liquid particles.

[Means for solving]

The electret is obtained by depositing polytetrafluoroethylene having a melting point of 35 C. or higher and 320 C. or lower on a carrier and imparting an electrostatic charge to at least one of the carrier and the polytetrafluoroethylene.

The present disclosure provides a preparation method of a plasma-treated nanofiber-based hydrogen gas sensing material, including the following steps: (1) stirring a mixed solution of absolute ethanol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), N,N-dimethylformamide, SnCl.sub.2.Math.H.sub.2O, and Zn(CH.sub.3COO).sub.2.Math.2H.sub.2O uniformly on a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer to obtain a spinning solution; (2) electrospinning the spinning solution and depositing on an aluminum foil to obtain a spinning fiber; (3) annealing the spinning fiber in a muffle furnace to obtain a hydrogen gas sensing material sample; and (4) subjecting the hydrogen gas sensing material sample to a vacuum argon plasma treatment with a Hall ion source to obtain the nanofiber-based hydrogen gas sensing material. In the method, nanofibers are prepared by electrospinning and subjected to the vacuum argon plasma treatment through the Hall ion source. The prepared sensing material has an extremely large specific surface area, and gas-sensing properties of rapid response and high sensitivity to hydrogen gas.

Improved methods, designs and/or systems for incorporating markings and/or other visual and/or tactilely identifiable indicia on woven, knitted, nonwoven, braided and/or felted textiles used for medical textile implants and prostheses, including medical graft prostheses that would not affect the overall mechanical performance of the textile.

A polyethylene fiber characterized by having an intrinsic viscosity [] of 0.8 dL/g or more and less than 5 dL/g; being composed of a repeating unit substantially derived from ethylene; having pores formed inside of the fiber; having an average diameter of the pores of ranging from 3 nm to 1 m when the diameter is measured, by each pore being approximated by a column, at a contact angle of 140 degrees, in a mercury intrusion method; a porosity of the pores of ranging from 1.5% to 20%; and having a tensile strength greater than or equal to 8 cN/dtex.

Disclosed herein is the production of medical textile material with nanofiber surface that has transdermal drug release properties and that is coated with azithromycin active substance by using needle electrospinning method and ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technique. Specifically disclosed is a nanofiber medical textile material production method that includes the steps of preparing polymer solutions containing PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) with a concentration of 12 wt % and GEL (gelatin) with a concentration of 0.72 wt %; determining solution properties such as conductivity, viscosity, and surface tension, producing nanofibers from prepared polymer solutions at by atmosphere-controlled horizontal needle fiber spinning (electrospinning) setup, obtaining PVP/GEL nanofibers after the fiber spinning process, thin film coating of the drug active substance on the obtained nanofibers, PVP/GEL nanofibers by the USP method, and cross-linking of both polymers to facilitate the final application processes of the drug-release material.