The present invention relates to a flame retardant waterborne coating composition comprising: a) water dispersed hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane particles, and b) isocyanate crosslinker, wherein (i) the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane contains phosponate oligomer as a building block in an amount of from 3 to 75 parts by weight relative to the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane, wherein the phosphonate oligomer contains units according to the following structural formula in which n is an integer from 1 to 20, R is a C.sub.1-20 alkyl, C.sub.2-20 alkene, C.sub.2-20 alkyne, C.sub.5-20 cycloalkyl or C.sub.6-20 aryl, and R.sub.2 is an aliphatic or aromatic group, (ii) the hydroxyl number of the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane is from 5 to 180 mg KOH/g polyurethane, (iii) the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups present in the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane to isocyanate groups of the crosslinker is from 0.2 to 2.0.

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A foamed, opacifying element has a porous substrate composed of woven yarn strands composed of a thermoplastic polymer-coated multifilament core. It has a dry foamed composition on an opposing surface of the substrate, which includes: (a) 0.1-40 weight % of porous particles; (b) 10-80 weight %; (c) 0.2-50 weight % of one or more additives selected from the group consisting of dispersants, plasticizers, flame retardants, optical brighteners, thickeners, biocides, fungicides, tinting colorants, metal flakes, and inert inorganic or organic fillers; (d) less than 5 weight % of water; and (e) at least 0.002 weight % of an opacifying colorant different from all of the one or more additives of (c), which opacifying colorant absorbs electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 380-800 nm. The elements have a light-blocking value (LBV) of at least 4 and can have a bending stiffness that is greater than 0.15 milliNewtons-meter.

A foamed, opacifying element having a target light blocking value (LBV.sub.T) and a target porous substrate is prepared by determining the light blocking value (LBV.sub.S) of the target porous substrate; calculating the LBV.sub.T-S difference; choosing a foamable aqueous composition; determining a dry coating weight for the chosen foamable aqueous composition (when foamed); and using the dry coating weight to form the single dry opacifying layer as the only layer disposed on the target porous substrate, such that the single dry opacifying layer has light blocking value that is equal to LBV.sub.T-S, 10%. The chosen foamable aqueous composition comprises the essential components (a) through (e) described herein. The desired foamable aqueous composition can be chosen from a set of similar compositions to achieve the desired LBV.sub.T with the noted target porous substrate using suitable mathematical formula relating dry coating weight to light blocking value and a suitable data processor.

The present invention provides a fiber with a multi-filament structure and a textile fabric, curtain, and screen incorporating such fiber. The multi-filament fiber includes multiple filaments and a blended material. Each filament is a columnar body arranged adjacently or in a spiral adjacent arrangement to form a yarn having an appropriate length. The blended material contains a nano-fluorine water-repellent material and a bonding material provided in gaps between the filaments. Multiple fibers are arranged at intervals horizontally or vertically and knitted in the weft or warp direction to form a meshed textile fabric. The fabric is further coated with an adhesive and a nano-fluorine water-repellent material for use in screens, thereby achieving water repellency and air pollution prevention. Meanwhile, the meshed textile fabric exhibits improved stiffness, elasticity, and transparency, making it suitable for retractable screen fabrics.

A screen includes a mesh substrate having an openness of greater than 30% when viewed at 0 incidence, the mesh substrate having a first major surface and a second major surface, the first major surface including a first coating, the first major surface having a first reflectance value, wherein the first reflectance value has an average value of greater than about 10% as measured by an EN410 standard and a diffuse reflection profile at all viewing angles from 89 to 89, excluding an angle of direct illumination as measured by a scattering distribution function technique using a Goniometer, wherein the diffuse reflection profile provides a reduction in view through the mesh substrate when viewed from 89 to 89.

A non-foamed aqueous composition can be applied to fabric substrates to provide non-foamed light-attenuating coatings in resulting coated fabric substrates that produce reduced glare from incident outside light. The non-foamed aqueous composition used to make these coated fabric substrates has a 5-50% solids and a zero shear viscosity of 100-1000 mPa-sec at 25 C. This composition has components i) through iv): i) porous particles at 0.1-20 weight %, and optionally an opacifying colorant; ii) a film-forming binder material comprising at least a chlorinated polymer at 4-20 weight %; iii) a white inorganic particulate filler material having a refraction index (RI) greater than 2 and a median particle size of less than 1 m, at 5-16 weight %; and iv) a white low-density particulate hydrated alumina having a median particle size of less than or equal to 3 m, at 2-16 weight %.