An insulation cable includes a composite stranded conductor and a sheath layer sheathing the composite stranded conductor. The composite stranded conductor includes: a center stranded cable having at least one stranded cables; a first-layer assembled stranded cable formed by final-twisting plural stranded cables arranged to surround the center stranded cable; and a second-layer assembled stranded cable formed by final-twisting plural stranded cables arranged to surround the first-layer assembled stranded cable. The final-twist direction of the first-layer assembled stranded cable is the same as the final-twist direction of the second-layer assembled stranded cable. Wires included in the stranded cables of the center stranded cable, wires included in the stranded cables of the first-layer assembled stranded cable, and wires included in the stranded cables of the second-layer assembled stranded cable have a tensile strength of 90 MPa or more at an ambient temperature of 200 C. or less.

A snow and ice melt system having one or more zones, each including one or more heaters, and having one or more controllers configured to use a power output of each heater and an average temperature of each zone to determine operational control of each heater to achieve a specified result. Hydronic or resistive heaters could be used. The controllers may be configured to use a system temperature response over time to determine if a phase change of the snow or ice is occurring. The phase change might indicate that snow or ice is present on a zone and is melting. Use of a first derivative of the system temperature response over time might determine a percentage of a zone covered by snow or ice. Use of a second derivative of the system temperature response over time might determine whether melting is complete.

Ice mitigation for bridge cables is provided by a system having a plurality of heaters on one or more bridge cables, extending parallel to a longitudinal axis thereof, arranged in a plurality of heater sections, and configured to heat an outer surface of the bridge cables, and a control system including one or more controllers configured to individually activate and regulate heating output of the heater sections to prevent snow or ice from falling from the bridge cables. The heater sections can be arranged radially, about a circumference of the bridge cables, and/or axially, end to end along a length of the bridge cables, so that power can be individually directed to the heater sections to account for differing heating requirements at different radial and/or axial aspects of the bridge cables.

An apparatus for indicating overstress in an electro-mechanical cable. The apparatus includes an overstress an overstress indicator cable including at least one non-twisted conductor disposed within a section of the electro-mechanical cable, where the non-twisted conductor is adapted to break when tension in the non-twisted conductor is greater than an allowable working load for the electro-mechanical cable.

According to embodiments of the present invention, a stranded conductor is formed in which the occurrence of defects, such as strand unevenness of filaments and outward protrusion of filaments, is inhibited. According to embodiments of the present invention, a stranded conductor (1a) includes soft filaments (2a) stranded together. The soft filaments (2a) include a soft filament made of an aluminum material, disposed along a center (101), and include six soft filaments, twelve soft filaments, and eighteen soft filaments made of an aluminum material, disposed around and concentrically with the center. The filaments are softened filaments that are softened. A lay length (Pa) is from 6.2 times to 15.7 times a conductor diameter of the stranded conductor.

The present invention relates to the field of Phase Change Material (PCM) for thermal management in different applications like for example automotive, building, packaging, garments and footwear. The cable of the present invention comprises at least two sections wherein a first section A of the cable comprises a core, a PCM layer surrounding the core and one or more layer(s) of a protective polymer surrounding the PCM layer and a section B comprising a core, a thermoplastic polymer layer and one or more layer(s) of a protective polymer surrounding the thermoplastic polymer layer wherein the PCM layer consists of a PCM composition; the core consists of a filament, yarn, strand or wire made of a natural or synthetic polymeric material or a metal; and the thermoplastic polymer layer consists of a thermoplastic polymer composition.

A production method for a headline sonar cable characterized by steps of: a. providing a first strength member (14); b. coupling to strength member (14) a conductor (122); c. forming a layer of polymeric material about the combination of strength member (14) and conductor (122) while ensuring that the conductor remains slack; d. forming a flow shield around the layer of polymeric material, thus forming an elongatable internally located conductive structure; and e. braiding a strength-member jacket layer (52) of polymeric material around the elongatable internally located conductive, structure while ensuring that the conductor is slack when surrounded by the jacket layer (52).
For another embodiment, an optical fibre is wrapped around the exterior of the layer of polymeric material within which is enclosed a braided conductor formed about the first strength member (14). Other embodiments employ further thermo-plastic layers and further sheaths and further conductors.

The present invention relates to a structural element known in the technical field as tensairity, which introduces as distinctive elements with respect to the known art: (i) ropes in the shape-memory alloy (SMA) with superelastic (SE) and shape memory (ME) behavior; (ii) mechanical tensioners for the adjustment of the initial tension in the ropes; (iii) optionally a control apparatus (processor) is connected to electric circuits that induce flow of intensity variable current through the SMA wire ropes; (iv) optionally devices for real-time monitoring of the temperature and the level of tension in the SMA ropes; (v) optionally devices for real-time monitoring of the tensairity oscillations; (vi) optionally new structural geometries capable of sustaining static actions and multidirectional dynamics.

A bale identification assembly has a binding material with identification tags at spaced intervals is used by a knotter system to bind a formed bale. A read module with an antenna transmits interrogator signals and also receives authentication replies from identification tags. The bale identification assembly has a bale drop sensor with a paddle. As a completed bale passes through the discharge chute, the completed bale interacts with the paddle causing the bale drop sensor to activate. Activation of the bale drop sensor activates the antenna for a specified active cycle, and during its active cycle, the read module assigns any identification tag that is sensed to the completed bale that is leaving the discharge chute. A controller receives information from at least one crop sensor and/or bale sensor and associates the information about the completed bale with the identification tag on the completed bale.

A profile wire conductor for an electric power cable, the profile wire conductor having a central longitudinal axis and including stranded individual profile wires arranged in concentric wire layers around the central longitudinal axis, the concentric wire layers including an inner wire layer of profile wires of a first type having a first radial cross sectional geometry, and an outermost wire layer of profile wires forming an outer surface of the profile wire conductor. At least one of the profile wires in the outermost wire layer being of a second type and having a second radial cross sectional geometry being different to the first radial cross sectional geometry, wherein the profile wires of the second type forms an indentation or protrusion in the outer surface of the profile wire conductor.